162 Results found for Search: heritage
1. Heritage Walk in Old Delhi, New Delhi.
Heritage walk through the endless labyrinth of Old Delhi is a great way to get a glimpse into the city’s 350 years of documented history. Such a walk is organized by The Indian National Trust for Art & Cultural Heritage (INTACH Delhi Chapter) in collaboration with Heritage Society of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi, Delhi Tourism and Transport Development Corporation, on Saturdays and Sundays. The walk begins at 8 in the morning from Shri Digambara Jain Lal Mandir and Bird Hospital in front of the Red Fort, and takes you through a time warp into the Middle Ages.
2. Heritage walk in Pondicherry, Pondicherry.
A walk through the French and Tamil heritage quarters of Pondicherry, its Parisian style sidewalk cafes and the exuberant Beach Road, is a great way to soak up the local culture and the city’s leisurely approach to life. To experience this spirit of Pondicherry, set out on a guided heritage walk organized by INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art & Cultural Heritage) through the old town and closely observe the nature of its architectural traditions. An approx. 2-hour trail, you will first be walked through the French part of the town followed by the Tamil quarter.
3. Tribal Heritage Program, Thekkady.
Sign up for the Tribal Heritage Program in Periyar and get a glimpse into the lives of the Mannan tribes that are among the oldest indigenous group to inhabit Periyar Tiger Reserve. These tribes continued living in the remotest areas of the tiger reserve till the late 40’s, eking out a living by fishing in the lake and engaging in some cultivation. In this two-hour journey, you will be taken on a nature trail to the grey thatched tribal hamlets, shown the traditional fishing and hunting gear, musical instruments, household articles, indigenous medicinal plants, and finally to the Tribal Heritage Museum.
4. Heritage Walks, Mumbai.
Mumbai and Delhi were the cities that took the early lead in organising heritage walks. The important feature that differentiates these walks is that unlike regular tourist guides, these walks are lead by architects, historians, heritage conservations, naturalists and the like. The insider perspective they bring often goes way beyond the obvious. Their knowledge and experience brings alive the architectural styles, the ornamental details in monuments, the social and cultural milieu of the period...resulting in a personalized experience. These walks are a must experience for travelers with a strong interest in culture.
5. A visit to Banaras Hindu University (BHU) , Varanasi.
If you have an inherent quest for knowledge, visit the hallowed BHU. One of the largest residential universities in the world, the sprawling campus covers 1350 acres towards the southern part of town. Nationalist leader Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya's cherished project, it played a stellar role during the independence movement by stroking the fire for freedom in young and old alike. Panditji chose Varanasi as the site because of its centuries-old tradition of learning, wisdom and spirituality.
Born at Prayag (Allahabad) in 1861, Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya was a multifaceted personality. A leading freedom fighter, he strove for an inclusive society and used education as his means to achieve this objective.
6. Agra Fort, Agra.
Nestled on the west banks of River Yamuna, this crescent shaped fort was commissioned by Akbar, one of the greatest Mughal Emperors, in 1565. Since then, his descendants Jehangir, Shah Jahan and even Aurangzeb have added extensions to the fort. Surrounded by mighty ramparts, the complex has within the fort has several palaces, gardens, halls, and other historical structures. A visit to the Agra Fort complements visits to the Taj Mahal, as the fort itself offers great views of the Taj Mahal from across the Yamuna
7. Ahar Cenotaphs and Museum, Udaipur.
About 3 kilometers (2 miles) east of Udaipur, Ahar is a small town famous for the cenotaphs of the royal rulers and an archaeological museum. There are regular state buses from the city; you can even hire a private taxi to Ahar. Here you will come across cenotaphs of 19 Mewar rulers built over four centuries. Take a walk around this royal cremation ground; take a closer look at the cenotaph of Maharana Amar Singh, it is massive and beautifully carved complete with embellished domes and arches.
8. Ajaigarh Fort , Khajuraho.
Located nearly 80 kilometers (50 miles) from Khajuraho, the Ajaigarh Fort is another example of the architectural and sculptural accomplishments of the Chandela dynasty. Historians believe this impressive fortress was built by them towards the latter part of their reign. That makes this a later development than Kalinjar Fort. It was the capital of the Chandelas during their decline. Chhatrasal, a popular king of the region, gave it to his son Shri Jagat Raj in 1731.
9. Albert Hall, Jaipur.
The Albert Hall is a picturesque remnant of the British Raj in Jaipur. The foundation stone of the building was laid by Prince of Wales Albert in 1868 and for many years the palace was used for recreation by Jaipur’s kings. It was only in 1887 that the Albert Hall Museum (also known as the Central Museum) was established. One of the oldest museums of Rajasthan, it displays Rajasthan’s rich historical and cultural heritage. Galleries are exclusively dedicated to dressing styles of Rajasthani tribes and classes; art of henna or Mehendi; and Rajasthan’s music and art forms. Other exhibits include traditional Rajasthani puppets, miniature paintings, and rare samples of metal and wood craft, textiles, pottery pieces, armaments. A Persian carpet and an Egyptian Mummy are also housed in the museum.
10. Elephant Ride And Visit Amer fort, Jaipur.
Amer, or Amber Fort was the capital of the Kachchwaha Rajput rulers of Rajasthan, before water scarcity forced them to moved down from the mountains and establish the city of Jaipur. Sited atop the Aravalli hills, this majestic Rajput fortress stands guard over the newer city below. Built by Raja Man Singh Ji, the fort has rough, craggy walls and the glistening Maotha Lake in front. Later extensions and embellishments to the fort include traditional Rajput architecture and striking Mughal décor.
11. Anokhi Museum of Hand Printing, Jaipur.
Hand printed textiles are a traditional and much admired craft of Rajasthan. The Anokhi Museum is a unique attempt to preserve and showcase this art to the world. Housed in a beautifully restored pink haveli, the museum offers an up-close look at this art. Its many exhibits show the development of hand-printed textiles under successive generations of Rajput rulers. The museum showcases the rich history of hand printed textiles in Rajasthan and also offers a change to learn from the old styles and even experiment with the new. While here, you can tour the beautiful collection of historical textiles and also watch an artisan at work.
12. Arts village in Hauz Khas, New Delhi.
A beautiful historical village amidst ruins of tombs and gardens, Hauz Khas offers an ethnic ambience and a unique shopping experience. As you stroll along the meandering lanes of this crafts village, you will be surprised by the eclectic range of shops offering everything from designer labels, traditional ensembles, paintings, antique silver artifacts, carpets, jute footwear, to curios and some fine dining restaurants. Lot of these restaurants such as Village Bistro’s Terrace in the Sky overlook the remnants of an ancient college, making it ideal for an alfresco candle-lit dinner.
13. Asi Ghat, Varanasi.
Located towards the southern part of town, this ghat stands at the point where River Asi and Ganga converge. The massive lingam under a peepal tree is the focal point here. After a ritual bath, devotees make a beeline to pray at this lingam. Another lingam close by is called Asisangameshvara or the 'Lord of the Confluence of the Asi'. It is in a small marble temple just off the ghat. The tradition here is to head next to Lolarka Kund, a tank 15 meters below the ground. The place comes alive during the Lolarka Mela in Aug/Sept, when thousands come to propitiate the gods and pray for the birth of a son.
14. Bagore-ki-Haveli, Udaipur.
Bagore ki Haveli is a beautiful mansion on the waterfront of Lake Pichola at Gangaur Ghat. Built in 1751 by the then Prime Minister of Mewar, Amirchand Badwa, this elegant haveli has now been converted into a museum of traditional puppetry, and holds musical performances every evening. There are some hundred rooms in the haveli with terraces, corridors, courtyards and balconies, but only a few display ethnic costumes and modern art. Browse the Queen’s Chamber and appreciate the quintessential Mewar painting, in addition to the two peacocks made of small pieces of colored glass.
15. Bharatiya Lok Kala Mandal, Udaipur.
Your trip to Udaipur is incomplete without seeing some gems of Rajasthani folk art. Visit Bharatiya Lok Kala Mandal and pan through its brilliant range of folk articles from Rajasthan including ornaments, masks, puppets, traditional dresses, folk musical instruments, dolls, folk deities and miniature paintings. Located near Chetak Circle in Udaipur city, the museum gives you a glimpse into the culture and tradition of Rajasthan especially the Mewar region. In fact, the Lok Kala Mandal is a part of a program that exhibits the best in art and craft work of Mewar, given the popularity of Rajasthani handicraft and objet d’art world-over.
16. Boat Ride on Ganga, Varanasi.
For a traveler to be able to put a finger on the pulse of Varanasi, the importance of Ganga in the lives of Banarasis needs to be observed. And the best way to do this is take a boat ride from the southern most ghat (Asi) to the northern ghat (Raj) or vice versa. One always has the option of doing a partial one as well. But we recommend you go the whole hog.
As the boatman's oars gently lap the water, the spirit of the Ganga will begin its magical spell. Observe the unfolding early morning life on the sunlight-bathed ghats as you cross them one by one.
17. Bullock Cart Discovery, Thekkady.
The only original way of experiencing country life in India is atop a bullock cart. To take tourists back to the golden days of yore, the state has designed an interesting program in which a group of people are taken around the farmlands of a village hidden in the valley behind the mountains of Periyar Tiger Reserve in a bullock cart. Home to a wealth of birds, the village is a paradise for avid bird-watchers, not to mention a wonderful beginning for a novice. The colors, the diversity and the baffling motley of flora and avifauna will make your sluggish bullock cart ride to this outback hamlet well worth the effort.
18. Chandni Chowk, New Delhi.
Chandni Chowk, which literally means Moonlight Square, was where a canal passed through during the Mughal times, and whose waters mirrored the sliver shimmer of the moon. Part of the walled city of Old Delhi, the market stretches from the Red Fort to the small mosque of Fatehpuri Masjid. Three centuries ago, this labyrinthine network of lanes was the stronghold of eminent noblemen, Armenians, Turks, Italian merchants, and Persian poets. The present day, however, doesn't bear any of the tree-lined streets, Persian coffee houses, shops hawking glass hookahs, Chinese eye-glasses, clothing with gold inlay work and exquisite gem-embossed jewelry, but retains an old-world charm and cultural richness.
19. Cheriyapally, Kumarakom.
Otherwise known as St. Mary’s Church, Cheriyapally in Kottayam is one of the oldest Christian churches in the country, though built many years after Valiyapally. It belongs to the Malankara Orthodox Church and was built by the Raja of Thekkumkur in 1579. In Kottayam you will find two churches dedicated to St. Mary, this one having been built and consecrated in 1579 by the Portuguese with the assistance of a local Hindu raja. And unsurprisingly, its architecture is a fine blend of Portuguese and Hindu styles. Look out for the suspended lamps in the hall, the murals on the interior walls created out of vegetable dyes, and the granite pillars.
20. Chini-ka-rauza, Agra.
The tomb of Afzal Khan, an important poet and the wazir of Shah Jahan’s court, Chini-Ka-Rauza is an interesting architectural landmark. Built in the later half of the 17th century, it is one of the first buildings to feature an entirely Persian-style of architecture with glazed tiles decorating its exterior.
21. Christ Church, Munnar.
A popular landmark in the hill resort of Munnar, Christ Church is a well weathered stone structure with charming interiors. This Protestant church was built by the Scottish tea estate managers and workers in 1910, and has 14 original rows of rosewood pews and an ornate chandelier. Though the façade has worn out with time, the interiors still have the original stained-glass windows, besides many brass plaques in the memory of the tea planters. There is a cemetery on the hillside adjacent to the church with tombs dating back to 1894.
22. City Palace And Museum, Jaipur.
The erstwhile residence of Jaipur’s royal family, a part of the palace has been opened to the general public as a museum. Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II built this ornate palace as a royal retreat in the early part of the 18th century. Now a museum to Rajasthan’s royal way of life, the museum features numerous treasures of the royal family, such as jewelry, royal attire, weapons, vessels, and other items of daily use. Along with the exhibits, the palace complex is a striking attraction. Its many palaces, gardens, gates, and royal halls are beautifully designed and intricately decorated. Complemented by the many treasures on display, the city palace brings its royal past vividly to life.
23. Club House, Manali.
At the old Manali village, on the left bank of Manalsu River is the quaint Club House managed by the Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (HPTDC). It is about one and a half kilometer from downtown Manali and is a great place to indulge in indoor and outdoor sports, and enjoy a host of other facilities. The house offers conference facility with a multi-purpose hall, billiards room, table tennis, card room, carom table, a restaurant specializing in local cuisine and a well-stocked bar. You can enjoy skating at its roller skating rink or browse the library for its collection of good reads.
24. Dashaswamedh Ghat, Varanasi.
Dashashwamedh Ghat is by far Varanasi's most popular ghat with locals and tourists alike. A kaleidoscope of images greet visitors here every morning – people bathing, some doing the suryunamaskaar (invocation to the Sun god), others performing yoga, holy men sitting under huge umbrellas, others going about their daily chores, masseurs plying their trade and boats drifting by, away from the banks with tourists soaking in the sights and sounds.
Start early to enjoy the morning scenes at the ghat. Begin with a darshan of Kashi Viswanath Temple. It is open for the better part of the day. Thereafter spend sometime at the ghat.
25. Dilli Haat, New Delhi.
A spacious six-acre area in the heart of Delhi, Dilli Haat attempts to recreate the traditional weekly bazaar ambience. Stalls housed in thatched huts and bricked houses offer ethnic specialties from different regions across India. Dilli Haat is creatively landscaped with a paved stone plaza interspersed with flowering planters, shrubs, grass, and towering eucalyptus trees. Here artisans from various parts of the country display their creations in an open-air setting. Shop for armloads of ethnic artifacts, junk jewelry, traditional Indian outfits, besides footwear, metal crafts, pottery, and dainty scarves among others.
26. Fatehpur Sikri, Agra.
Built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in the mid 16th century, Fatehpur Sikri was meant to be a new capital for his empire. It was also the emperor’s homage to Saint Sheikh Salim Chishti, who predicted the birth of the emperor’s much-desired son and heir. Built in almost uniform style, Sikri is a sprawling complex of palaces, mosques, temples, and other structures. It is a stunning amalgamation of the Persian and Indian styles of building.
27. First Fort Gate, Jaisalmer.
Jaisalmer Fort has four majestic gates. All four gates - Akhai Pol, Ganesh Pol, Suraj Pol and Hawa Pol - are attractions in themselves. Each of these is an architectural marvel, noted for its fine craftsmanship. Of the four, First Fort Gate is the most impressive. Also known as Akhai Pol, this gate was constructed in 1156 and has always been the main entrance. It was once the entrance for royal members and important guests in the days gone by.
28. Gadisar, Jaisalmer.
For a place with an average annual rainfall of around 5 inches, the importance of a water tank can never be marginal. Gadisar, is thus, an important place in Jaisalmer. A man-made tank, it was built in the 14th century by Rawal Gadsi Singh with the idea of harnessing precious rainwater in this arid region. In recent years, with the Indira Gandhi Canal supplying water, the volume of water throughout the year is impressive. Small wonder, it is a popular picnic destination in the region. Domed pavilions and religious shrines dot its banks.
29. Gulab Bagh and Zoo, Udaipur.
Gulab Bagh (Rose Garden) or Sajjan Niwas Garden is the largest garden in Rajasthan, on the banks of Lake Pichola at Lake Palace Road. Built in the 1850s by Maharana Sajjan Singh, this lovely rose garden is sprawled across 100 acres of land. Look out for its variety of roses, and the arrangement of flower beds. This peaceful garden is a virtual forest of flowers with unusual rose beds, palm trees, orchids and acres of lush lawns. Gulab Bagh is a favorite haunt of the locals especially on weekends owing to the greenery it affords and the toy train within the garden premises.
30. Hawa Mahal, Jaipur.
Hawa Mahal is perhaps the most well known architectural landmark of Jaipur. An imposing structure in the city’s signature pink color, Hawa Mahal is a unique palace as it does not have any rooms or halls. It is a five-storeyed structure embellished with numerous little windows and balconies. Designed as a viewing gallery for the women of the royal household, the windows and balconies of this palace feature delicate latticework that is astonishing in detail and level of craftsmanship.
31. Heritage Walk in Old Delhi, New Delhi.
Heritage walk through the endless labyrinth of Old Delhi is a great way to get a glimpse into the city’s 350 years of documented history. Such a walk is organized by The Indian National Trust for Art & Cultural Heritage (INTACH Delhi Chapter) in collaboration with Heritage Society of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi, Delhi Tourism and Transport Development Corporation, on Saturdays and Sundays. The walk begins at 8 in the morning from Shri Digambara Jain Lal Mandir and Bird Hospital in front of the Red Fort, and takes you through a time warp into the Middle Ages.
32. Humayun's Tomb, New Delhi.
Humayun’s Tomb, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the first substantial example of Mughal architecture in India. Humayun’s Tomb is often considered a precursor to the Taj Mahal owing to the stylistic similarity of its structures, although the former is built of red sandstone instead of white marble, and erected by a bereaved wife for her husband, not the other way round. Climb up the steep stone staircase to the second level, on the south side of which is the entrance to the main crypt where Humayun is buried.
33. India Gate And Children's Park, New Delhi.
A favorite picnic destination among Delhiites, at India Gate you will see families out for a stroll, enjoying a boat ride, or out with their kids enjoying ice creams. Its lush lawns are quite popular in the evenings, especially in summer months when the locals throng here to savor an ice-cream or simply enjoy the cool breeze. Located in the heart of Delhi, India Gate is a 42-meter-high (140 feet) archway in the middle of the road, reminiscent of the Arc-de-Triomphe in Paris. Like its French counterpart, this one too commemorates the 70,000 Indian soldiers who lost their lives fighting for the British Army in World War I.
34. Jagdish Temple, Udaipur.
Every visitor to Udaipur most definitely pays a visit to Jagdish Temple, a part of the City Palace complex. Built by Maharana Jagat Singh in 1651 in Indo-Aryan style of architecture, the temple is dedicated to Hindu deity Vishnu. The gateway to the temple is visible from about 150 meters (500 feet) from the Bara Pol of the City Palace, not to mention it is the largest temple in Udaipur. Appreciate the intricately carved pillars, decorated ceilings, painted walls and lavish halls of this three-storied temple. Take a closer look at the 24-meter-high (79 feet) pyramidal spire of the main temple adorned with sculptures of dancers, elephants, horsemen and musicians.
35. Jaigarh Fort, Jaipur.
Jaigarh Fort is an archetypical Rajput fortress - moated, built on the top of a scraggy hill, with might walls that stretch for miles across the Aravalli hills. Built by successive generations of Rajput rulers between the 15th to 18th centuries, Jaigarh is especially remarkable as most of the original structure is still intact. The fort first served as an armory and many of its products are on display, such as the canon Jaivan - the world’s largest canon on wheels. The engineering and design of the fort is an impressive reminder of Rajasthani skills. The fort has a unique water harvesting system and a network of canals to ensure water supply to Amer Fort.
36. Jaisalmer Folklore Museum , Jaisalmer.
This is the brain child of Mr. N.K.Sharma bestowed with the National Teacher’s award, and the author of the book Jaisalmer The Golden City. Set up in 1984, the folklore museum has steadily grown in stature. It is an excellent place for those interested in understanding the finer cultural aspects of the region. For example, the significance of colors and designs of headgear and costume are key pointers of an individual's status in the traditional society. The museum helps a visitor get an insight into such finer aspects! Puppets and other traditional items of daily use are on display here.
37. Jaisalmer Fort, Jaisalmer.
To catch the first glimpse of Jaisalmer Fort, is to start an enduring romance with this town. Sitting pretty atop Trikuta Hill, the fort rises above the surrounding desert floor. It is visible from a distance, and instantly captures the imagination. Add a dash of history to its picturesque setting, and there's no escaping the charm of the fort, and by extension the town. For the fort forms the heart and soul of Jaisalmer!
Also known as the 'Golden Fort' or 'Sonar Kila', it is built with the local sandstone of the region - one that has a distinct yellow tone. It was built in 1156 CE by the Bhatti Rajput ruler Rawal Jaisal, from whom the fort derives its name.
38. Jallianwalla Bagh, Amritsar.
A little distance from the Golden Temple complex stands the Jallianwalla Bagh memorial park. It was the scene of a cold blooded massacre. A peaceful mass demonstration had been called by Mahatma Gandhi against the Rowlatt Act on April 13, 1919. It also happened to be Baisakhi, an important day in the Sikh calendar. A crowd of about 20,000 had gathered at this place. Lieutenant Governor of Punjab had declared martial law in response to Gandhi’s call. A platoon of infantry soon arrived under Brigadier-General R.E.H. Dyer’s command. Dyer, without so much as a warning, ordered his 150 troops of Gorkhas to open fire.
39. Jalmahal, Jaipur.
A picturesque pleasure palace built by Maharaja Sawai Madho Singh, the Jal Mahal shimmers amidst the cool waters of Man Sagar Lake. Viewing this 18th century palace from the clean lakeside promenade, it is easy to imagine kings, princes, and their entourage assembling for duck hunts and other revelries. The local authorities have recently refurbished the lake side, and you can now walk along the promenade or even venture for a camel ride. All while the red sandstone Jalmahal provides a beautiful backdrop. The lake is a favorite picnic spot with the locals, as well as a popular bird watching station.
40. Jama Masjid, New Delhi.
Standing sentinel over Old Delhi, the massive domes and tall minarets of Jama Masjid are conspicuous from the Red Fort. It is the greatest mosque in India, and definitely the largest, with a courtyard capable of accommodating 25,000 worshipers. Work on Jama Masjid began in 1644 and ended up being the final architectural extravagance of Shah Jahan, the Mughal Emperor who built the Taj Mahal and Red Fort. This beautifully ornate mosque has three great gates, four towers and two 40-meter-high (133 feet) minarets built of red sandstone and white marble.
41. Jantar Mantar, New Delhi.
Delhi is quite known for this red sandstone observatory constructed by Maharaja Jai Singh of Jaipur in the 18th century. He later went on to build other such observatories in Ujjain, Varanasi, and Mathura. The observatory commenced operation in 1724 and remained functional only for seven years. According to legend, the king found the existing astronomical instruments too small to take correct measurements and so he constructed these larger and more accurate instruments. Take a look at the huge sundial known as ‘Samrat Yantra’ that was used to measure the time of the day and the position of other heavenly bodies.
42. Jantar Mantar, Jaipur.
In contrast to the many palaces and pink monuments of Jaipur, Jantar Mantar is a white-gold futuristic island in the middle of this history. At first glance Jantar Mantar seems like a complex of slides, globes, and other intriguing constructs. But closer viewing will reveal its wonder. Jantar Mantar is an astronomical observatory built by Maharaja Jai Sigh II in 1724, whose passion for science, engineering, and astronomy prompted him to construct this complex of fourteen scientific instruments. Its been over 200 years since they were first constructed, these fourteen structures can still accurately measure time, predict eclipses, and track stars and planets in their orbits.
43. Jantar Mantar, Varanasi.
The Jantar Mantar is an observatory. Located on the roof of Man Mahal near Man Mandir Ghat, it can be accessed from the river bank as well as a street close to Kashi Vishwanath Temple. It was built on the lines of the observatories in Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain and Mathura, and covers an irregular rooftop area that is 31 meters long (103 feet), 9 meters wide (30 feet). It can be approached from a staircase to the northeast.
The observatory was added to Man Mahal sometime between 1724 and 1730 by Sawai Jai Singh II.
44. Jaswant Thada, Jodhpur.
Once you are done with Mehrangarh fort, just amble down some half a kilometer towards north of the fort. There stands Jaswant Thanda, a pillared marble memorial to the popular ruler Jaswant Singh II (1878-95). Well maintained gardens welcome you inside the compound, and provide a great base to sit back and reflect on what you’ve seen and experienced.
This cenotaph was built by Sardar Singhji in memory of his father. The cenotaphs of members of the royal family who died after him are close to his memorial, and those who preceded him are remembered by chhatris at Mandore.
45. Kalinjar Fort, Khajuraho.
Located 105 kilometers (65 miles) from Khajuraho in Uttar Pradesh, it is one of the most imposing forts in India. A tad smaller than India's largest fort at Gwalior, Kalinjar stands on an 800-feet (244 meter) high hill. The height combined with size gives it an aura or invincibility. It makes for an awe-inspiring view.
Although the exact date on of its construction is shrouded in mystery, historians believe that this fort was built by the Chandela king Kedar Burman in the 9th century CE. It was ruled by various Hindu dynasties and later on went into the hands of Muslim rulers briefly.
46. Light and Sound Show at Amber Fort, Jaipur.
Amer Fort was the first capital of the mighty Kachchwaha Rajput rulers of Rajasthan, till water scarcity drove them to establish the newer city of Jaipur. A vivid sound and light show brings alive the history of this hill top fortress. The setting next to the Maota Lake at the bottom of the hill and Amitabh Bachchan’s booming voice make the show especially enchanting.
47. Maharana Pratap Memorial, Udaipur.
The life-size bronze statue of gallant warrior Maharana Pratap and his loyal horse Chetak, stands tall atop Moti Magri (Pearl Hill). Overlooking the calm waters of Fateh Sagar Lake, this memorial was built by Maharana Bhagwat Singh Mewar with the help of a pubic trust. From the hill you can capture in your lens some wonderful views of Fateh Sagar Lake, the sandstone and white-washed houses of Udaipur city, the ramparts of an ancient fort and the sprawling Japanese Rock Garden. Scores of visitors climb up the hill to pay tribute to Maharana Pratap, the brave ruler of Mewar, and his favorite horse ‘Chetak’ that carried its master to every battlefield and stood by him till he breathed his last.
48. Man Mandir Ghat, Varanasi.
This ghat was built by Raja Man Singh of Jaipur around 1600. It is known primarily for its magnificent eighteenth-century observatory and palace. The observatory was built by Jai Singh (Man Singh's descendent), while the palace was constructed by Man Singh himself.
49. Manikarnika Ghat, Varanasi.
Kashi is also known as 'Mahashmashana' or the Great Cremation Ground. Mythologically the whole of Kashi is a cremation ground. Hindus believe that bathing in Ganga absolves all sins, and dying in Kashi ensures Moksha or release of a person's soul from the cycle of death and rebirth. This belief leads many widows and the elderly to come to Varanasi to spend their final days. And the two ghats where a Hindu's final journey is undertaken are Manikarnika Ghat and Harishchandra Ghat.
Rows of cut wood used for funeral pyres immediately catch the visitor's eye at Manikarnika Ghat.
50. Mansion of Ananda, Pondicherry.
This old-world mansion boasting Indo-French architecture belonged to Ananda Rangapillai, the courtier (Dubash) of Joseph Francois Dupleix, the popular French Governor of Pondicherry. Rangapillai built this beautiful mansion in 1773, and since then has been an architectural specimen in Pondicherry. Apart from his administrative acumen, Rangapillai had another facet to his personality – a flair for writing. His skillful writing is evident in the diaries he maintained between 1736-60. The mansion houses a good collection of diaries penned by Rangapillai that are a valuable source of information on the history of Pondicherry and the French rule in India.
51. Mehrangarh Fort, Jodhpur.
This 15th-century fort is one of the most imposing in India. As Rajasthan’s largest fort, Mehrangarh forms a looming presence over Jodhpur with walls that soar 120 meters (400 feet) high above the surrounding cityscape. Visible from miles around, it is a grand statement of Rajput valor. Visitors have the option of approaching it by foot from the busy lanes around the Clock Tower/Ghanta Ghar area, or by taxi or rickshaw from the longer (5 kilometer/ 3 mile) road through Nagauri Gate to the north of the city.
The foundation of the fort was laid by Rao Jodha in 1459 on the advice of a hermit.
52. Mehtab Bagh, Agra.
A classic Mughal garden, landscaped in the traditional charbagh-style. It is a quadrilateral garden divided symmetrically by paved walkways. Mehtab Bagh was commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as a backdrop to his other great monument, the Taj Mahal.
53. Mughal Gardens, New Delhi.
Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens for Lady Harding, the lovely Mughal Garden spreads out over six hectares of the Rashtrapati Bhawan complex. A sophisticated blend of Mughal aesthetics and British garden designs, this sprawling garden is like an exotic panting of flowering shrubs, multi-level terraces, canals (in Mughal style), and flowerbeds, lawns and hedges. The garden is categorized into three parts; you can begin from the ‘Rectangular Garden’, just behind the main building, continue to ‘Long Garden’ and finally explore the ‘Circular Garden’. Along the way, you will see four waterways, colorful flowerbeds interspersed with lush lawns, and romantically crafted fountains at the intersections.
54. Naggar, Manali.
About 25 kilometers (16 miles) from Manali at an altitude of 1760 meters (5867 feet) lies the picturesque Naggar village, an erstwhile capital of the Rajas of Kullu for about 1400 years. Naggar is on the left bank of Beas River and opens up a vista of wooded slopes, waterfalls, quaint homesteads and the snow-covered Himalayan pinnacles in the backdrop. The area is dotted with ancient temples, not to mention the popular, 16th century Naggar Castle from Pal Dynasty. Built by Raja Sidh Singh, this imposing stone edifice served as the royal residence and latter as the state head quarters of the kingdom till the middle of the 17th century. Now, converted into a hotel by the tourism department, the castle commands a majestic view of the Kullu Valley.
55. Nahargarh Fort, Jaipur.
Situated atop the rugged Aravalli hills, Nahargarh Fort is the third important fort of Jaipur and it was the first fort to be built for the defense of the old Rajput capital at Amer. The first structure of the fort was constructed by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in 1734, many other sections were added by successive rulers. These latter additions have survived and are in remarkably good condition. The entire complex houses many palaces and halls, the most impressive amongst which is Madhavendra Bhawan. This is a set of nine identical suites built by the king for his nine wives. These nine apartments open into a common courtyard and are connected by a network of corridors. Many of the frescos and other original decorations are well preserved.
56. Nathmal-ki-Haveli, Jaisalmer.
This is a haveli where you need a guide to help you discern the subtle difference between the two parts that make up this structure. Built by two brothers in the late 19th century, this haveli is still partly inhabited. The exteriors of right and left wings look identical at first glance, but they were separately carved by the two brothers. The numerous tiny differences do not easily meet the eye. But once someone explains the differences, the picture evolves.
57. Nizamuddin Auliya Dargah, New Delhi.
The dargah (mosque) of Nizamuddin Auliya, a revered Sufi saint, can be reached from New Delhi’s Mathura Road. Before stepping in, take your shoes off and cover your head with a handkerchief or the likes. You will pass a medieval archway and enter a lavish courtyard that faces the tomb of Sufi poet Amir Khusrau, beautifully illuminated if you are visiting near dusk. Built by Mohammed Tughlaq in the 16th century, the mosque houses the tombs Jahanara, the daughter of Mughal Emperor Shahjahan, Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib, besides that of Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusrau.
58. Old Fort, New Delhi.
Jutting out of wild greenery, the Old Fort or Purana Qila is somewhat rectangular in shape having a circuit of nearly two kilometers (1.25 miles). Humayun, the second Mughal Emperor who set his new capital Dinpanah in 1534, built the gigantic gateway and walls of Purana Qila. The ramparts have three gateways with bastions on either sides. Like most Mughal monuments, this one too is surrounded by a now dried, wide moat connected that once to the river Yamuna. You will see a quintessential Islamic pointed arch with Hindu chhatris (umbrella-like structures) and brackets, at the northern gateway ‘Talaqui Darwaza’ (meaning the forbidden gateway).
59. Pal Haveli rooftop restaurant, Jodhpur.
This is a counter point to the Mehran Terrace experience. A stone’s throw from Clock Tower or Ghanta Ghar stands this heritage property called Pal Haveli. Built by the Thakur of Pal in 1847, this is a great place to experience the old, traditional Jodhpur way of life. Built around a central courtyard for a joint family, it has been inhabited by generations of the same family for more than 150 years. Immaculately preserved and maintained, an evening at the haveli’s rooftop restaurant can leave a lasting impression.
60. Panchganga Ghat , Varanasi.
This is a ghat that is at once dramatic and controversial. The ghat is dominated by the largest riverside building in Varanasi, the Mosque of Alamgir, known locally as Beni Madhav-ka-Darera. The mosque stands on the ruins of the Bindu Madhava Temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It is said to have extended from Panchganga Ghat to Rama Ghat before being destroyed by Aurangzeb, who replaced it with the mosque.
61. Patwon-ki-Haveli, Jaisalmer.
One of Jaisalmer's singular attractions is its havelis. For admirers of art, architecture and culture, these havelis are veritable treasure troves. Built in the soft sandstone of the region that lends itself wonderfully to intricate carving, most of these architectural marvels were constructed in the 18th and 19th century. A period when the overland trade route passing through Jaisalmer was at its zenith.
The most striking of these is the Patwon-ki-Haveli. This set of five adjoining havelis was built by five Jain brothers who were brocade and jewelry merchants. These interconnected houses were built between 1800 and 1860.
62. Qutab Minar, New Delhi.
Soaring 73 meters (243 feet) into the sky, Qutab Minar was built by Qutab-ud-din Aibak in 1193 to mark his victory over Delhi’s last Hindu kingdom. You can spot five distinct storeys on the tower, each marked by a projecting balcony and tapers from a 15 meter (50 feet) diameter at the base to 2.5 meters (8 feet) at the top. The two top most floors are in marble and sandstone, while the first three are built of red sandstone. At the base of the tower is the first mosque to be built in India, Quwwat-ul-Islam Masjid.
63. Raj Ghat, New Delhi.
Located between the main Ring Road and the west bank of Yamuna River, just southeast of Red Fort, Raj Ghat can be reached by a local bus, metro-rail or by hiring a taxi or auto-rickshaw. Set amidst lush green gardens thick with exotic shrubs and verdant lawns, this last resting place of Mahatma Gandhi offers an atmosphere of peace and solitude. Stroll along the ornate stone walkway to the cremation site of Mahatma Gandhi - a black marble memorial with the words “He Ram” etched on its side.
64. Rajmahal, Jaisalmer.
This is the most imposing structure within the fort. The seven-storey structure was once the palace of the erstwhile rulers of Jaisalmer. The former royal family home has now been restored and converted into a museum. Located near Dussehra Chowk, the various buildings that make up the structure are interconnected by a series of low, narrow passages. This was done on purpose to confuse invaders. A common ploy of the time! The palace rooftop is easily the highest point in Jaisalmer, and offers great views of the desert on the one side and the town on the other.
65. Ram Bagh, Agra.
Also known as Bagh-i-gul Afshan, this Mughal garden was established by Babar, and then maintained by nearly each of his descendants. This garden is remarkable as one of the earliest surviving examples of the Mughal-style of gardens, later perfected at the Taj Mahal complex
66. Red Fort, New Delhi.
A regal sandstone entrance ‘Lahore Gate’ leads you into the three sq. kilometer stretch of the Red Fort, a veritable treasure trove of buildings, courtyards, bazaar and a lovely flowering garden. Rising 33 meters (110 feet) above the clamor of Old Delhi, the red stonewalls are a testimony to the power and flamboyance of the Mughal Empire. Built in 1639 by Emperor Shah Jahan when Mughal creativity and aesthetics were at its zenith, the fort showcases delicate ornamental work and a marvelous architectural design. From Lahore Gate, walk straight into a stretch of bazaar arcade, Chatta Chowk, whose walls are lined with shops selling a great variety of antique silver trinkets, silk scarves, and traditional jewelry.
67. Ruins of Church of St. Augustine, Goa.
In proximity to the Nunnery atop Holy Hill in Old Goa stands the iconic 46-meter-high (153 feet) tower that served as a belfry and formed a part of the façade of the magnificent Church of St. Augustine. The construction of the church was initiated by twelve Augustan friars in 1572, and was completed only by 1602. Now in ruins, the church was perhaps the biggest in Goa in its heyday. Reproduced on innumerable travel magazines and post cards, the ruins of the Church of St. Augustine are one of the most photographed monuments in Goa.
68. Saheliyon-ki-Bari, Udaipur.
Saheliyon ki Bari (meaning Garden of the Maidens of Honor) is located in the northern part of Udaipur city. Built in the middle of 18th century by Maharana Sangram Singh, Saheliyon ki Bari is an ornamental garden below the embankment of Fateh Sagar Lake, complete with lotus ponds, bougainvillea creepers, marble pavilions, kiosks and elephant-shaped fountains. This historic garden was constructed for the 48 women attendants who accompanied a princess as a part of dowry to Udaipur. Interestingly, these fountains are fed by the waters of Fateh Sagar Lake gushing through purpose-built ducts.
69. Sajjangarh Fort, Udaipur.
Sajjangarh Fort, a 19th century summer resort built by Maharana Sajjan Singh, is perched atop Banswara Hill overlooking the emerald waters of Fateh Sagar Lake. Popularly known as Monsoon Palace, the fort lies about 5 kilometers (3 miles) to the west of Udaipur city. Surrounded by thickly wooded hills, Sajjangarh can be reached both by car and boat. The tall turrets of this white palace with guards regulating each of its towers are perceptible from a distance. The fort is best visited during the rainy season when it offers a glorious view of the city’s lakes, palaces and the surrounding countryside. Later, Sajjangarh Wildlife Sanctuary was built near the palace.
70. Salim-Singh-ki-Haveli, Jaisalmer.
This is an intriguing story. Built in the early 19th century by a mean-spirited and greedy Prime Minister named Salim Singh, the haveli was meant to display the man's stature to society at large and the royalty in particular. He was said to be an extortionist. So much so that leave alone the subjects of the state, he even milked the royal family by providing huge loans and then charging exorbitant interest rates. According to local legend, the haveli once stood two storeys higher and aspired to match the royal palace. In a fit of rage, the king of the time had the top two floors blown away. Salim Singh was later stabbed to death.
71. Scindia Ghat, Varanasi.
The tilted Shiva temple lying partially submerged in the river is the thing that strikes you first up. It slid into the river as a result of the sheer weight of its construction around 150 years ago. One of the most picturesque ghats, the area around houses some of the most venerated shrines hidden in the tight maze of lanes known as Kshetra or the 'Field of Fulfillment'.
72. Se Cathedral, Goa.
Located in Old Goa, about 9 kilometers (6 miles) from Panaji, Se or St. Catherine’s Cathedral is a symbol of wealth, power and fame of the Portuguese who dominated the seas from the Atlantic to Pacific. The cathedral took about eight years to be built and was not consecrated until 1640. Today, it not only stands larger than any church in Portugal, but is also the largest church in Asia and the prestigious seat of archdiocese of Goa. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Se Cathedral is popular with the local Goans and Christians from world over.
73. Shopping Tour in Old City, Jaipur.
For over 200 years, the bazaars in the old city of Jaipur have enticed shoppers with glittering jewels, colorful textiles, handmade brass utensils, crafted leather shoes, puppets, and many other novelties. The wide albeit crowded streets are lined with glittering showrooms and hole-in-the-wall bargain shops. The many wares spilling on to the streets and young shop assistants callings out, the bazaars of Jaipur are an exciting adventure. Even the weary shopper will be surprised with the bargains available and may be prompted to loosen the purse strings on a jewel-encrusted trinket.
74. Sikandra, Agra.
Built almost entirely of red sandstone and decorated with inlaid white marble, Sikandra is the final resting place of the 5th Mughal Emperor, Akbar. As was the tradition, Akbar planned and began construction of the tomb during his last years, however construction was only completed by his son Emperor Jehangir. The tomb lies in the center, surrounded by a charbagh style Mughal Garden - a quadrilateral garden divided symmetrically by paved walways.. A stream of clear water leads from the tomb to this main square. Each side is walled, with a finely decorated dome atop the gate on each side.
75. Sisodia Rani Ka Bagh And Palace, Jaipur.
In 1728, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh of Jaipur married a princess of Udaipur’s Sisodia clan. The new queen was his second wife, and as a token of his love, the Maharaja built an exclusive palace with exquisitely designed gardens for her. Situated just outside the city, the verdant green lawns of the garden and the green of the surrounding hills are a pleasant change from the dry, desert look if Jaipur. This ornate complex is decorated with beautiful murals, paintings, and figurines of Lord Krishna in various phases of life and includes several panels of his playing with Radha. As with any other Rajput palace, the Sisodia Palace also features beautifully depicted scenes from battles.
76. St. James Church, New Delhi.
St. James is a beautiful church and one of Delhi’s oldest, located at the intersection of Church Road and Lothian Road. Built by Colonel James Skinner in 1836, the church is modeled on the Classical Renaissance style of architecture in a Greek cross design. Though the church bears a close resemblance to the dome of the Florence Cathedral in Italy, its architects Robert Smith and De Bude attempted to recreate the glory of London’s St. Paul’s Cathedral.
77. Taj Mahal, Agra.
Standing proudly on the banks of River Yamuna, with the silvern river at back and beautifully landscaped gardens in front, the Taj Mahal leaves one speechless with its ethereal beauty. Around 20,000 craftsmen labored day and night to lay the great marble stones, build the exquisite dome, inscribe quotations from the Quran on the walls and adorn the monument with magnificent rubies and other precious and semi-precious gems. You can easily spend an entire day just admiring this magnificent structure, strolling in the gardens, exploring the monuments and just viewing the Taj Mahal in leisure.
78. Taj Mahal - Moonlit Night Tours, Agra.
One of the most photographed and recognizable monuments in the world, the Taj Mahal is a beautiful marble structure that enthralls visitors with its enduring beauty. Beautiful as it is, to see the Taj Mahal in the light of the full moon is an unforgettable experience. The cool white light of the moon brings this mausoleum alive. The Taj seems to shimmer and appear almost translucent. Seeing it in moonlight, it is impossible to believe that such ethereal beauty has actually been captured and created on earth.
79. Taj Mahal - Sunrise Tours, Agra.
Standing proudly on the banks of River Yamuna, with the winding river at back and lush green, landscaped gardens front, the Taj Mahal enthralls visitors with pristine white beauty. A sunrise visit to the Taj is a memorable experience; it offers you a chance to watch the Taj Mahal come alive in the beautiful colors of the morning. Stay for the duration of the sunrise, and you can see for yourself how this beautiful monument seems to transform in the morning light.
80. Taj Mahal - Sunset Tours, Agra.
Standing proudly on the banks of River Yamuna, with the winding river at back and lush green, landscaped gardens in front, the Taj Mahal leaves one speechless with its majestic beauty. As the bright Indian sun faded into the dark night, the Taj Mahal seems to come alive. A sunset tour is a great time to see the Taj in transformation, from the grand white monument to a shimmering mausoleum that leaves a lasting impression.
81. Taj Mahotsav, Agra.
A 10-day long carnival, Taj Mahautsav is a cultural extravaganza that showcases the regions rich culture to visiting tourists. Held in the month of February each year, the festival is organized near the Shilpagram area of the Eastern Gate. The Taj Mahal forms an eye-catching backdrop to the festival where revelers can enjoy local arts, buy regional handicrafts and partake the specialty cuisine of Awadh. Each year, the organizers also invite popular performers for a must-attend cultural event.
82. Taj Museum, Agra.
Part of the main Taj complex, the Taj Museum was established in 1982 is the erstwhile Naubat Khana or Jal Mahal. A veritable treasure trove of historical artifacts and documents relating to the construction the Taj Maha, the museum has many other exhibits dating back to the Mughal era.
83. Tazia, Jaisalmer.
Tazia Tower stands out as a distinct piece of architecture in Jaisalmer. Situated in the Badal Palace complex located near Amar Sagar Gate, the complex is home of the former royal family. The Tazia Tower finds a prominent place in the complex.
84. Thazhathangady Juma Masjid, Kumarakom.
About 16 kilometers (10 miles) from Kumarakom in the town of Kottayam is the 1000-year-old Thazhathangady Juma Masjid, nestled on the banks of Meenachil River. One of the oldest mosques in the country, Thazhathangady Juma Masjid is notable for its magnificent architecture and the richness in wood carvings that adorn the interiors. The mosque is a result of the efforts of the followers of the Islamic Prophet Mohammed during one of their voyages to Kerala.
85. The Church of Holy Spirit in Margao, Goa.
The Church of Holy Spirit, a beautiful white façade built by the Portuguese, stands tall in the old Market square of the buzzing commercial town of Margao in South Goa. Originally built by Jesuit missionaries in 1564, it was destroyed in 1571 only to be rebuilt in 1645. Lauded as one of the finest examples of the Indian baroque style of architecture, the outer façade is brilliantly white-washed with towers on both sides, and a central dome structure. The interior of the church is elaborately carved from floor to ceiling complete with a pipe organ, and heavily embellished altars dedicated to Immaculate Conception of Mary, St. Peter and St. Michael.
86. The Church of St. Alex, Goa.
The Church of St. Alex in Calangute is one of Goa’s oldest churches built in 1597. Overlooking the main road to Mapusa, the church was built on the site of a Hindu shrine called Ravalnath whose remains can still be seen. Located on CHOGM Road, the church is about 9 kilometers (6 miles) from Margao. A visit to this beautiful church can be clubbed with an excursion to Calangute Beach. In fact, the church is accessible from any part of Calangute. On arriving at Calangute Beach, you will see two towers and a magnificent white dome gracing the façade of the Church of St. Alex.
87. The French Cemetery At Karaikal, Pondicherry.
Easily accessible from the main town of Pondicherry, at Karaikal you can take a look at the tombs of who’s who of 19th century Pondicherry. Take a trip to the French Cemetery on Rue de Marche (French for Market Street), and pan through the curious tombs of a veritable section of people, from administrators, landlords, port officials, women to children, who lay buried under headstones with thought-provoking inscriptions.
88. The Statue of Joan of Arc, Pondicherry.
The national heroine of France and Catholic saint Jeanne d’Arc, led the French Army to several important victories during the Hundred Years War, claiming divine guidance. On the lovely promenade running along the rolling sea, stands a lasting, triumphant sculpture of the heroic Frenchwoman Joan of Arc, frozen in white marble. It has a beautiful, manicured garden laid out before the Eglise de Notre Dame des Anges. A prominent example of French influence in Pondicherry, the statue of the French damsel is located in front of the Notre Dame des Anges, amidst a sprawling garden.
89. Thirumalai Nayak Palace, Madurai.
Built in 1636 by the Nayak ruler whose name it bears, the palace as it stands today was the residence of the King. The original palace was four times bigger than the present structure where dance and music performances would be hosted regularly, before it was destroyed by the king’s grandson Chokkanatha Nayak. The days in which the structure flourished, it was segregated into two parts - Swargavilasa and Rangavilasa. And these parts together comprised the royal residence, theatre, shrine, apartments, armory, palanquin place, royal bandstand, other living quarters, pond and garden.
90. Tomb of Itmad-ud-daula, Agra.
Itmad-ud-daula’s tomb, or 'Baby Taj' as it is often called, is the first Mughal era tomb to be built entirely of white marble. Its intricate inlay work, towering minarets and Mughal-style charbagh gardens inspired Shah Jahan's vision for the Taj Mahal. Nestled on the eastern banks of River Yamuna, the tomb was commissioned by Nur Jahaan for her father, Mirza Ghiyas Beg, who was Jehangir’s wazir and had been honored with the title ‘Itmad-ud-daula’, which means pillar of the government.
91. Tribal Heritage Program, Thekkady.
Sign up for the Tribal Heritage Program in Periyar and get a glimpse into the lives of the Mannan tribes that are among the oldest indigenous group to inhabit Periyar Tiger Reserve. These tribes continued living in the remotest areas of the tiger reserve till the late 40’s, eking out a living by fishing in the lake and engaging in some cultivation. In this two-hour journey, you will be taken on a nature trail to the grey thatched tribal hamlets, shown the traditional fishing and hunting gear, musical instruments, household articles, indigenous medicinal plants, and finally to the Tribal Heritage Museum.
92. Umaid Bhawan, Jodhpur.
This monumental piece of architecture stands on a sprawling 26 acre estate on Chhattar hill, on the eastern fringe of town. Built between 1929 and 1943 by Maharaja Umaid Singh, grandfather of the present owner, the primary idea behind the project was to employ and provide relief to 3,000 workers during a long famine. No cement was used in its construction, and the interlocking blocks of sandstone simply take your breath away, especially while standing under the imposing 56 meter (183 feet) high central dome.
93. Viceregal Lodge and Botanical Gardens, Shimla.
Nestled on Observatory Hills, the Viceregal Lodge and Botanical Gardens is another gem from Shimla’s colonial past. This magnificent building was the home of the then Viceroy Lord Dufferin, besides being a venue of conferences in Shimla. This was the place where the partition agreement brought about major alterations in the political boundary of the Indian sub-continent. Also known as ‘Rashtrapati Niwas’, the Viceregal Lodge currently houses the Indian Institute of Advanced Study. The lodge is worth a visit for its Scottish Baronial style of architecture and well-maintained botanical gardens. Visitors can get a glimpse into India's past through the half-hourly guided tours.
94. Wagah Border, Amritsar.
The Wagah Border, often called the 'Berlin wall of Asia', is a ceremonial border outpost on India’s western border. Located about 30 kilometers (19 miles) to the west of Amritsar, the Wagah Border over the years has become a tourist destination. An estimated 6000 people visit Wagah every day to catch a glimpse of the martial flag-lowering ceremony. Around sunset soldiers from Indian (BSF) and Pakistani (Rangers) paramilitary forces match steps and try to outdo each other in a show of ceremonial pomp. They lower their respective flags and present arms in a stage managed show, cheered on wildly by visitors on either side.
95. Anchuthengu Fort, Kovalam.
About 36 kilometers (22.5 miles) from Trivandrum city and 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) from Varkala, Anchuthengu is a place of historical relevance amid gorgeous coastal scenery. Crowning the bluff is the 17th century Anchuthengu Fort standing testimony to the architectural elegance of the British. This fort on the outskirts of Kovalam is believed to be one of the oldest trading posts set up during the colonial era in India. It was built in 1800s as an impregnable bastion of the British East India Company and till today retains a palpable English aura.
96. Anjengo Fort, Varkala.
An important trading station of the British, Anjengo Fort is about 36 kilometers (22.5 miles) north of Trivandrum city and some 18 kilometers (11.25 miles) from Sivagiri Mutt in Varkala. This is a lovely seaside drive from the mutt and opens up innumerable photo opportunities. On a sightseeing excursion around Varkala, it is worth popping into this fort set up by the English East India Company as a strategic garrison in 1684. The structure was raised in 1695 as a signal station or lighthouse for ships coming in from England. Anjengo literally stands for ‘Anju Thengu’ meaning five coconut trees in Malayalam.
97. Ayyanappilla Asan, Kovalam.
Close to the Lighthouse beach is a memorial dedicated to the two ancient Kovalam poets Ayyanappilla Asan and Ayyippilla Asan. They were the authors of the great regional epics Janakeeya Maha Kaviangal, Ramakatha Pattu and Bharathampattu, who spent their lives in Kovalam near the Lighthouse beach, Avaduthura in 1400 AD. Today the monument is under the Kerala Government Archaeological Department. The memorials get a lot of visitors.
98. Chowara, Kovalam.
Another fishing village, Chowara is a long stretch of virgin sand, about 8 kilometers (5 miles) south of the main Kovalam beach and Vizhinjam. It is a secluded stretch ideal for long walks and soaking up the local sights and sounds. On an amble down the coastline, eagles and kites soaring in circles above the sea near the beach, is a common sight. Chowara is famous for its Ayyappa temple nestled atop a hillock overlooking the beach. The celebrations go on for 56 days beginning November 15 to the mid of January, and is attended by thousands of devotees from across Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
99. Karikkakom Temple, Trivandrum.
The 500-year-old Karikkakom Temple is tucked away in the tiny hamlet of Karikkakom, about 7 kilometers (4.37 miles) east of Trivandrum city. From a distance you can sight its rajagopuram (a pyramidal tower at the entrance), about 63-foot-tall, covered with intricately crafted sculptures of hundreds of gods, goddesses, demons and maidens on the four lateral sides illustrating episodes from Hindu epics. It took over six years and two crores of rupees to complete this grand five-storey structure. Dedicated to local deity Goddess Sree Chamundi, the temple receives a great number of visitors some of whom come simply to appreciate its Dravidian temple architecture, while the others to take a look at the beautiful ‘panchdhatu’ idol.
100. Lakhudiar, Almora.
About 20 kilometers (12.5 miles) from Almora, a rather recent discovery of rock and cave paintings with motifs of human beings, animals, group of dancers, lizards et al. has enthused archaeology and art lovers alike. Sheltered within a cave very close to the main road on the Almora-Pithoragarh route, near a place called Barechhina, these paintings belong to the bronze-stone age. Presently under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), a grill guards this heritage site from vandalism.
101. Masrur Rock Temple, McLeodganj.
The temple of Masrur dates back to the 8th century AD. This is a complex of fifteen temples carved out of a live monolith. Stylistically, the temples show the Nagara effect of the late Gupta period with the deeply sculpted figures bearing resemblance to the Kailash Cave of Ellora. Apsaras in dancing poses, amorous couples and Shiva in meditation are but a few of the figures depicted. The sculptures are finely etched but many appear worn by both weather and time. Facing the row of temples is a rectangular pond and beyond it, is an open valley dotted with cottages. In the distance, the snow clad ranges of the Dhauladhar are faintly visible. In front of the temples, large sculpted pieces are arranged along the parapet of the pond. Among these, the lotus and an elephant are eye-catching. These are the pieces that fell during the devastating earthquake of 1905.
102. Shindyanchi Chhatri, Pune.
A cenotaph built in the memory of Mahadji Scindia, who, for two long decades, 1760 onwards, served as the commander-in-chief of the Marathas, under the Peshwas. The premises also constitutes a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, which was constructed under the supervision of Mahadji himself in 1794, the year he passed away. In 1965, the late Madhavrao Scindia, a popular minister of the Congress Party and a descendant of Mahadji, commissioned the construction of a shrine and the entire temple complex in the memory of his ancestor. Currently, the Scindhia Devasthan Trust of Gwalior is responsible for maintenance of the Chhatri.
103. Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (TIPA), McLeodganj.
In August 1959, within a few months of arriving in India, His Holiness the Dalai Lama established the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (TIPA). To prevent ancient traditions and skills from vanishing and also to strengthen them, TIPA preserves and develops the skills of traditional Tibetan performing arts like dance, music and opera. Today, TIPA has over a hundred members. This includes artistes, instructors, administrative staff and craftsmen. TIPA sends its troupes to perform in different Tibetan settlements to keep the flame of its culture alive. Performances are also held at McLeodganj and other places in India. TIPA’s troupes have performed in twenty different countries and on an average, the artistes undertake five to six tours every year.
104. Varkala Tunnel, Varkala.
Once considered an engineering marvel, the Varkala Tunnel is a 924-foot-long (277 meters) stretch of inland waterway built by the British as a trade route. It is a significant historical landmark in Varkala and a must-see on a sightseeing excursion. Etched out under a cliff, this century-old tunnel is about 41 kilometers (25.6 miles) from Trivandrum. A huge vent on the roof opens up this dark underground structure to fresh air and sunshine. Work on the tunnel began in 1869 and took 14 years to be completed.
105. Vellayani Lake, Kovalam.
This 750-hectare freshwater lake is one of the two in Kerala, and about 7 kilometers (4.37 miles) from Kovalam via Poonkulam junction. The other being Sasthamkotta lake in Kollam district. Vellayani is a picturesque village on the outskirts of Trivandrum city. Blessedly, modern day constructions in and around Trivandrum have not touched the serenity of this lake. The area surrounding it still remains largely unspoilt. Little wonder, it serves as the venue for Kerala’s favorite sport, snake boat race held during the harvest festival, Onam. Behold the beauty of the lake on a full moon night - the shimmering waters against dark foliage make it look other-worldly.
106. Vizhinjam Village, Kovalam.
Just 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) south of touristy Kovalam is a lesser-known fishing harbor, Vizhinjam. Vizhinjam is a natural port busy with fishing boats and fishermen jostling for space to venture into the sea. This fishing village is earthy and rustic, very different from the atmospheric, plush resort-speckled Kovalam. To be fair, Vizhinjam is quite a find within the circumference of Kovalam, and offers some fascinating historical treasures. The Kerala government is working towards making it a major port. Look up the Marine Aquarium near Theatre Junction. The ramshackle, nondescript building in which it is housed betrays the wealth of aquatic species within.
107. Jim Corbett Museum, Corbett.
The heritage bungalow where Jim Corbett lived is tucked away about 3 kilometers (1.87 miles) ahead of Kaladhungi towards Nainital. It is opposite the crossroad that leads to Nainital via Khurpatal. Jim Corbett was a prolific writer, renowned environmentalist and a torch bearer in tiger conservation. Kaladhungi museum, Jim Corbett’s erstwhile winter retreat, now houses his memorabilia, plaques, life-size oil paintings, sketches, letters written by him and his friends, antiques such as a palanquin, some memorable photographs, furniture, and manuscripts including the last hunt of its owner. Peruse the collection; it gives a great insight into his life and times.
108. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST), formerly known as Victoria Terminus (VT), is a prime example of Victorian Gothic Revival architecture fused with themes derived from Indian traditional architecture. This monumental structure was built to announce to the natives that they (the British) were here to stay. This is without doubt Mumbai's most impressive Raj-era monument.
Designed by a British architect named F. W. Stevens, it is today the world grandest example of station architecture. The British envisaged Bombay as their ‘Gothic City’ with a major international mercantile port. The sweeping scale of the monument can be gauged by the fact that the terminal was built over 10 years, starting in 1878. The entire station was completed by 1888. It was then under the Great Indian Peninsular Railway.
109. Childer's Lodge, Mussoorie.
Childer's Lodge is the highest point in Mussoorie, perched on Lal Tibba. It is accessible by foot. Alternatively, you can take a horse ride to the site. Vehicles are permitted in the area; a rental taxi charges INR 350 to take visitors back and forth. Childer’s Lodge opens up a spectacular vista of the hills and valley stretching into distance. The winding path to the lodge is covered on one side with wild blossoms in a riot of colors. The other side is thick with pine and deodar trees. It is an ideal place in Mussoorie to witness breathtaking sunrises and sunsets.
110. Dagshai, Kasauli.
Along the little road that climbs up to Dagshai from the direction of Dharampur (and Kasauli) there is a fair bit of an old world look and the views of the valleys are quite delightful. The road goes under pine and elm trees and then turns off from the little tea shops at the incongruously named, Charing Cross, to rejoin the National Highway at Kumarhatti. At a height of some 6,000 feet above sea level, Dagshai is believed to have got its name as the result of the original village being where prisoners were branded with hot irons and thus,’ Dagh i Shahi’, or the ‘mark of the ruler’.
111. Elephanta Caves, Mumbai.
Mumbai is often perceived as a city that lives for the present. But the one city attraction that unequivocally takes you back in time is the Elephanta Caves. To a get a flavor of Mumbai's early history, hop on to a ferry at Gateway of India heading towards Elephanta Island. The hour long ride will drop you at the doorsteps of the UNESCO World Heritage Site (1987).
As one enters through the main northern entrance, a massive hall housing the stunning Trimurti statue stops you in your track. At 21 feet (6.3meters), the sculpture portrays the serene Maheshamurti (the protector) in the centre, Bhairdeva (the destroyer) to the left and Vamadeva (the creator) to the right. The fourth face is meant to be assumed, merged as it is into the rock. Western writers and sculptors such as Andre Malraux and Auguste Rodin had been struck dumb by the sheer spectacle of Sadashiva (‘Eternal Shiva'), a full-relief bust showing three faces of Lord Shiva. Left of this statue is Shiva as Ardhanarishvara (half male and half female) symbolizing the unity of opposites. There were many more statues that were damaged or destroyed by the Portuguese., who rather unfortunately used the statues for target practice.
112. Gateway of India, Mumbai.
One of the city’s most prominent landmarks, Gateway of India was built to commemorate the visit of King George V in 1911. Approaching Mumbai from sea gives the best perspective of the Gateway of India. Designed to be an arch of triumph, it welcomes visitors stepping into the Mumbai. Back in early 20th century, ships were still the most effective mode of international travel. When King George V arrived on Indian soil at Mumbai, he was welcomed in style. A temporary canopy was erected, where the Gateway currently stands, to welcome him. The idea of the gate was mooted following his visit. Yellow basalt stone was used for its construction while Hindu and Muslim architectural elements form the bedrock of the structure. It was completed in 1924. And 24 years later, the last of the British contingent left the Indian shores from this very place.
113. Hathipaon and the Park Estate, Mussoorie.
Hathipaon and The Park Estate is a beautiful place within Mussoorie. It is an ideal location for a picnic or a trek. Though vehicles are allowed to go right up to the estate door. A rented taxi costs INR 400 and takes about three hours to complete the trip, including travel time and two hours at Hathipaon. Alternatively, tourists can drive up to Hathpaon, from where a short trek uphill leads to the Park Estate. There are no arrangements or facilities available here so visitors are advised to carry their own water and food.
114. Heritage Walks, Mumbai.
Mumbai and Delhi were the cities that took the early lead in organising heritage walks. The important feature that differentiates these walks is that unlike regular tourist guides, these walks are lead by architects, historians, heritage conservations, naturalists and the like. The insider perspective they bring often goes way beyond the obvious. Their knowledge and experience brings alive the architectural styles, the ornamental details in monuments, the social and cultural milieu of the period...resulting in a personalized experience. These walks are a must experience for travelers with a strong interest in culture.
115. Janapada Loka, Bangalore.
If you want to escape the bustle of city life, enter the portals of Janapada Loka near Ramanagaram, around 53 kilometers (33.12 miles) away from Bangalore. Spread out over 15 acres, the institution works towards preserving and promoting folk art and culture. The brainchild of the late H L Nage Gowda, Janapada Loka recreates rural milieus and brings together folk literature, music, dance, festivals, sculpture and lifestyle. The imposing main entrance is the chief attraction of Janapada Loka, adorned as it is with hariges and trumpets and tall brass Nandidwajas.
116. Krimchi, Jammu.
The village of Krimchi is a cluster of tiny hamlets that lie off National Highway 1-A. The turnoff is eight kilometers short of the town of Udhampur and Krimchi lies another twenty kilometers ahead. This has some of the oldest temples in the Jammu region which are dated back to the eighth or ninth century. The stone temples stand in a row facing east and a narrow stream called the Birunala flows close by. The main temple stands some fifty feet high, while one of the temples is in a state of disrepair. Among the pieces of fine sculpture that have been retrieved from the rubble are images of Shiva and his consort Parvati, as well as the Shiva-‘trimurti’. Excavations at the site have revealed terracotta items and coins.
117. Mani Bhavan, Mumbai.
Mani Bhavan is the place where Mahatma Gandhi stayed between 1917 and 1934 every time he visited Mumbai. A modest two-storied building in the Gamdevi locality, it is now a memorial dedicated to him. The room where Gandhi lived, his belongings including his books are on display. It also houses a museum, library and research centre. Mani Bhavan originally belonged to Shri Revashankar Jagjeevan Jhaveri, a friend of Gandhi. He hosted Gandhi on his returned from South Africa. It was from Mani Bhavan that Gandhi initiated nationwide movements such as Civil Disobedience, Satyagraha, Swadeshi, Khadi and Khilafat. In 1955 Mani Bhavan was dedicated as a memorial to Gandhi.
118. Nandi Hills, Bangalore.
Nandi Hills is where Tipu Sultan retreated to in order to escape from the rigors of battle and government. Even Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajiv Gandhi, Sir Mark Cubbon and Queen Elizabeth II are believed to have spent time here. A 60-kilometer (37.5 miles) drive away from Bangalore, Nandi Betta, as the locals call it, is at an altitude of 4,851-foot above the sea level, and offers stunning views. Situated in Chikkaballapur (Kolar district) the hill resort is a popular picnic spot for Bangaloreans and tourists alike. It also offers tourists the opportunity to stay overnight in government-owned accommodation.
119. Prince of Wales Museum , Mumbai.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya, previously known as the Prince of Wales Museum, is the city’s foremost museum. One of the best-known museums in the whole of India, this grand heritage building is an exquisite example of the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture. Designed by architect George Wittet, it was completed in 1915 but opened for public viewing only in 1922. It was first used as a Children's Welfare Centre and also as a Military Hospital during World War I. It was handed back to the Trustees thereafter and opened with the collection acquired by the Trustees.
120. The Christ Church, Mussoorie.
Christ Church is arguably the oldest church in the Himalayan range. It is located near Kasmanda Palace, a heritage hotel in Library. The church was built in 1836 for the British community that resided here. The most famous visitor to the Church was the Princess of Wales, who later went on to become Queen Mary of England. She came to Mussoorie in 1906, and on her visit to the Church she planted a deodar tree in the courtyard. The deodar still stands tall , and is shown to tourists by the Reverend. Look up the stained-glass windows and the depictions of events in the life of Christ on them.
121. Thirukandiyur, Thanjavur.
Thirukandiyur is a religious town known for its temples of Dravidian style, about 10 kilometer (6.25 miles) from main Thanjavur city. Hindu pilgrims particularly from South India make a beeline for this ancient temple town. Most temples here are of exquisite architectural beauty. Do visit the Harsha Vimochana or Kamalanathan and Brahma Sri Kandeswarar temples, they are steeped in legend and folklore, and have a palpable aura. It’s a wonderful opportunity to photograph the gopurams (spires) heavy with sculptures.
122. Rainawari, Srinagar.
In his eventful life, the sixth Sikh Guru, Hargobind traveled to Kashmir. In Srinagar, on the southern side of the Hari Parbat fort, near the Kathi Darwaza which leads to the locality of Rainawari, is the Gurudwara Chatti Patshahi, which commemorates the Guru’s sojourn. The Gurudwara has been built at the site of the house that belonged to Mai Bhagbhari, who was his follower and where he stayed during his visit. The Gurudwara, which has been recently reconstructed and its gleaming white domes can be seen from a distance. This has a large rectangular hall and the sanctum is in the center. A large terrace lies before this. Close by, is a well said to have been dug at the behest of Guru Hargobind. This is considered to be the most sacred Sikh shrine in Kashmir. At the Gurudwara, ‘langar’ community food is offered to all.
123. Tomb of Madin Sahib, Srinagar.
The tomb of Madin Shah, a well known and highly venerated saint of Kashmir, lies just north of the Madin Shah Mosque in the Zadibal locality of Srinagar. Architecturally, this is one of the most attractive tombs in the area. At one point of time, this must have presented a brilliant sight as the walls were covered with decorative glazed tiles, though today, much is missing. One of the most striking representations on the tomb is of a beast that has the body of a leopard; this changes at the neck into the trunk of a human being.
124. Adivaraha Cave Temple, Mahabalipuram.
To the southwest of Mahishasuramardini Mandapam, an ancient cave temple with portrayals of Lord Vishnu as Varaha lies shrouded amid dense vegetation. At the entrance to the Adivaraha Cave you will be greeted by two sculptures of gatekeepers on either side. The inner walls of the cave are dense with sculptures of the ten incarnations of Lord Vishnu – the ninth one is believed to be Lord Buddha. Look up the northern wall for the depiction of Lord Shiva receiving the holy Ganges in his long locks tied up in a knot above his head.
125. Bhandasar Jain Temple, Bikaner.
Marbled floors, etched pillars and walls adorned with gold leaf work, the three-storied Bhandasar Jain temple is one of the most magnificent instances of its kind in Rajasthan. Commissioned in 1468 by Bhanda Shah Oswal, a famous businessman, and completed in 1514, this structure, dedicated to the 5th Jain tirthankar Sumatinath, is an artistic recreation of Jain philosophy towards life and the world around us. With intricate gold inlay work, each floor has its own eye-catching feature, be it carved marble pillars with floral patterns, silver platform, or expansive balconies that offer a stunning view of the surrounding landscape.
126. Bolghatty Island, Kochi.
One of the smaller islands in Kochi, Bolghatty’s romantic appeal draws many honeymooners. At the heart of Bolghatty is the palace built by the Dutch in 1744. This is the oldest Dutch Palace outside of Netherlands. Its high ceiling interiors, slanting tile roof and sprawling greens all around lend the place a unique charm.
127. Camel Festival, Bikaner.
One of the most exclusive, awe-inspiring and colorful festivals of the land, the Camel Festival organized by Rajasthan’s Department of Tourism, Art & Culture in January brings together Bikaner’s entire populace. The event revels the audience, who assemble from far and wide, with spectacular camel dances, races, rides and camel shows. Numerous competitions are also held to adjudge the best-decorated camel, best fur-cutting design, best camel haircut, among others. On sale are tea and sweets made of rich camel milk. The evenings’ highlights are cultural performances by renowned and folk artists of the region.
128. Chitkul, Sangla Valley.
Chitkul is the last inhabited village in the valley. The drive to this is along a road that lies close to the river bank. Chitkul is a village where the wood and stone structures seem to have been inspired by a old-fashioned fairy tale. This also has three temples dedicated to the goddess Mathi. The main temple is believed to be around six hundred years old.
129. Devi Kund, Bikaner.
An exquisite example of Rajputana architecture, Devi Kund, located at a distance of 8 kilometers (5 miles) from Bikaner, is the site of the royal crematorium of the Bikaji Rathore dynasty. It houses several cenotaphs (called ‘chhatris’ in the local language), made of sandstone or marble, that have been erected in the memory of the Bika rulers from Rao Kalyan Singh to Maharaja Karni Singh. The most illustrious of these, made of marble and adorned with paintings, is dedicated to Raja Surat Singh. There are smaller cenotaphs for the queens, while tiny ones, called ‘Nada’ commemorate the stillborn royal children.
130. Fort Kochi, Kochi.
The defining images of Kochi are primarily from this historic island. The Chinese fishing nets, the medieval churches, the colonial bungalows, Jew town, Mattancherry Palace…et al. are all in this island. Most history and heritage lovers make a beeline for Fort Kochi. Its quiet, tree lined roads are tailor made for walking and cycling. And most of the attractions are within short distance of each other.
This was the site of the first European settlement in India. The Portuguese settled here in the early part of the 16th century. Soon after Kochi’s standing as a rich trade centre, a vibrant cultural hub and a great shipyard took root. This attracted other naval powers of the time like the Dutch and the British. The Dutch dethroned the Portuguese in 1663 and later handed over reigns to the British in 1795 as part of a deal. Today, centuries later, strolling through town brings a traveler face to face with many colonial monuments and communities with a distinct western lifestyle. The social and architectural variety here is simply delightful.
131. Gangaur Festival, Bikaner.
Dedicated to Goddess Parvati, Lord Shiva's consort, the 18-day long Gangaur festival is the most important local event of Rajasthan. Marking the end of winter and the beginning of spring, it holds special significance to the womenfolk of the region. While the unmarried young girls pray to be blessed with good spouses, the married women observe the celebrations for the welfare, health and long life of their husbands and a happy married life. Marked with long processions, preparation of sweet dishes, songs and dancing, the Gangaur festival epitomizes hope, prayers and cultural fervor amidst the barren landscape of Bikaner.
132. Jain Havelis, Bikaner.
A popular tourist destination, the Jain Havelis, are ancient mansions of the affluent nobility of the region. There are numerous such havelis strewn all across Bikaner.
133. Junagarh Fort, Bikaner.
Constructed between 1588 and 1593 CE by Rai Singh, Bikaner’s ruler and Akbar’s general, the Junagarh Fort is one of the most imposing, intricate and impressive architectural edifices in Rajasthan. One of the very few Rajasthani forts not located on the top of a hill, it still bears the distinction of being a structure that has never fallen in to enemy hands, thanks to its 3235 feet 9986 meter) long red sandstone wall, replete with 37 bastions and a moat to boot. The Fort houses as many as 37 ornately decorated palaces, alongside temples, pavilions and a museum.
134. Kalibangan, Bikaner.
Situated 205 kilometers (127 miles) from Bikaner, the historic ruins of Kalibangan offer a glimpse into the Indus Valley civilization and offer evidence of one of the earliest - and quite possibly the first-ever -civilization originating from India. A tour of Kalibangan takes one through the remains of the earliest (2800 BCE) ploughed agricultural field, fire altars, burial chambers, ceramic work, and advanced methods of water harvesting and town planning dating back to the pre-Harappan and Harappan periods. In 1983, an Archaeological Museum was established within the premises that displays materials excavated from the area between 1961 and '69.
135. Karnimata Temple, Bikaner.
Located around 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) south of Bikaner, en route to Jodhpur, in a village called Deshnok, lies this truly unusual temple dedicated to Karnimata (an incarnation of Goddess Durga). It is not the beautifully crafted marble façade, or the solid silver doors that lend the structure its exclusivity, but its residents. This 15th century edifice is where thousands of pilgrims throng daily to make offerings to around 20,000 rats that have been a part of the temple ever since anyone can remember! It is believed that the rodents are ancestors of the local people, and are hence regarded as sacred.
136. Katariasar Village, Bikaner.
About an hour's drive from Bikaner lies the picturesque Katariasar village, which offers its visitors a sneak peek into the rustic life of Rajasthan and is famous for its fire dancers.
137. Lallgarh Palace, Bikaner.
This reddish-pink sandstone architectural marvel, from which Bikaner derives its name ‘Red City’, was a son’s ode to his father’s memory. Designed by the British architect, Samuel Swinton Jacob, the palace with its sumptuous halls, grand lounges, and magnificent pavilions is truly one of those rare 20th century structures that seamlessly integrate traditional Rajput and Mughal features with Renaissance European styles. Currently, the royal family resides in one wing of the palace, while the other part has been converted into the Lallgarh Palace luxury hotel. The west wing also houses a museum that contains the world’s fourth largest private library.
138. Laxmi Nath Temple, Bikaner.
One of Bikaner's oldest temples, the Laxmi Nath temple is an architectural marvel that depicts the commendable prowess of the artisans of the day. It also holds special historical significance as it was at that precise location Rao Bikaji had laid the foundation of Bikaner in 1488. A principal shrine of the Vaishnavas, it houses the idols of Lord Vishnu and Goddess Laxmi and is visited by numerous devotees all round the year.
139. Moolnayakji, Bikaner.
A late 15th century construction, Moolnayakji has the distinction of being the first Vaishnav temple of Bikaner. It houses an idol of Lord Moolnayak Krishna.
140. Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Ooty.
Among the gems of Indian Railways is the 46 kilometer Nilgiri Mountain Railway connecting Mettupalayam to Ooty. The narrow gauge train ride is a major attraction of Ooty. Most first timers opt for this experience. The train pulled by steam engine runs through lush green forests, tunnels, bridges, streams of water and tea gardens making this a picturesque journey.
In 2005, Nilgiri Mountain Railway was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list as an extension of the Darjeeling Himalayan Railways.
Originally planned in 1854, the mountain rail line finally got completed in 1899. This was originally operated by the Madras Rail Company. The tracks were made of 50 lb rails. Enroute are some 250 bridges, of which 32 are the major ones. The 16 tunnels en route add to the exciting experience. At no point does the train go beyond 30 kmps on the Non-Rack System and 13 kmps on the Rack System. Between Mettupalayam and Coonoor, the line uses the Abt rack and pinion system to climb the steep gradient.
141. Pancha Pandava Rathas, Mahabalipuram.
Scattered with sculptural vestiges and an ancient shore temple in the center, the Mahabalipuram Beach is perhaps South India’s most atmospheric beach. A trip here is like waking up in another era where time stands still, the waves rush fast to break on the weathered periphery of a shore temple, and the sun casts an orange glow on sculptural panels, rock-cut caves and monolithic chariots that dot its brown sand. A lot of people come here to capture the dramatic beauty of these architectural pieces in the changing light of the sun.
142. Pardesi Synagogue, Kochi.
Pardesi Synagogue is a symbol of Kochi’s religious diversity. Located at the end of Jew Street, this synagogue gets its name from the fact that it was the place of worship of ‘white Jews’ (hence Pardesi or foreign). Once upon a time as many as seven synagogues were housed on this street, but Pardesi is the only one standing today. Over a period of time many Jews moved to Israel, and many others converted to Christianity. During the times when Kochi was a thriving port on the ‘Spice Route’, Jew Town was a thriving locality.
143. Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner.
The Directorate of the Rajasthan State archives is located at Bikaner. An internationally acclaimed research center, among its impressive collection lie an assortment of administrative records from the Mughal period and those belonging to the princely state era of Rajasthan.
144. Shore Temple, Mahabalipuram.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the shore temple was built in the 7th century by Narasimha Varman II facing the Bay of Bengal. The ‘Shore Temple’ is the lone survivor of the seven magnificent temple complexes, known as the seven pagodas, built near the sea. With five-storeys, shikharas and plunging eaves, it is one of the oldest South Indian temples built in Dravidian style. The complex spreads out over a square platform, and comprises three temples, of which two are east and west facing Shiva temples, and the third a Vishnu shrine in the center.
145. Srirangapatna, Mysore.
Srirangapatna, located on an island in the Cauvery river has both historical as well as religious significance. This region was controlled by Hyder Ali and later his son, Tipu Sultan. The famous summer palace of Tipu Sultan – Daria Daulat Bagh has now been transformed into a museum dedicated to Tipu Sultan. Under Tipu Sultan’s rule, the state of Mysore extended its territories across South India. Tipu Sultan had set his base in Srirangapatna and was later killed during the Battle of Srirangapatha against the British. Most of Tipu's work of art, gold, cash, clothes and firearms are now a part of the British Museum. However, the Srirangapatna Museum stores some of Tipu Sultan's garments and weapons made from the most up to date technology of that era. Surely a must see
146. The Hill Palace Museum, Kochi.
This sprawling 52-acre estate was once the official residence of the Raja of Kochi. Now, it is avatar, it is one of the largest archaeological museums in India. And has the distinction of being the first museum in Kerala to achieve heritage status. Originally built in 1865, the complex comprises 49 buildings, all designed in Kerala’s traditional architectural style. There is substantial variety within the style. The complex also houses a deer park. Being a one-time royal residence, the erstwhile horse riding facilities are available to visitors at large. A wide variety of flora including rare medicinal plants, add another dimension to the overall appeal of the complex
147. The Mattancherry Palace (Dutch Palace), Kochi.
Mattancherry Palace enjoys a rather unique position in the architectural and cultural landscape of Kochi. One of the oldest Portuguese constructions, its Indian influence is unmistakable. The palace was built around 1545 CE for the Raja of Kochi, Veera Kerala Varma, by the Portuguese. A temple had been plundered in the vicinity, and this was done as a corrective measure by the Portuguese to appease the king. It was later renovated in 1663 by the Dutch, once they took over from the Portuguese. The palace with a Bhagavathi (patron deity of the royal family) temple in the central courtyard is reminiscent of a local mansion with four separate wings opening out to the central courtyard. The Palace houses two temples dedicated to Lord Krishna and Lord Shiva respectively.
148. Trimurti Cave Temple, Mahabalipuram.
Nestled on a 100-foot-high cliff, this 7th century rock-cut temple is dedicated to the three supreme deities of the Hindu pantheon, Brahma – the creator, Vishnu – the preserver, and Shiva – the destroyer. You will come across the carvings of a Shivalingam and Lord Brahma in the first two cells, while the third cell depicts Goddess Durga trampling Mahishasura’s (the buffalo-headed demon) head. Browse the rock-cut zoo adjacent to the cave temple; it has sculptures of an elephant, a calf, a monkey and a peacock.
149. Do Drul Chorten, Gangtok.
Do Drul Chorten is a very important stupa in Sikkim. An uphill walk up to the monastery with alpine forests on either side leads to a calm and picturesque setting. This holy stupa was built under the direction of Late Truslshi Rimpoche in 1945. It is part of the Nyingma sect of Tibetan Buddhism.
There are 108 prayer wheels and the wheels have a special meaning. Turning of these wheels goes along with the chanting of the mantras engraved on them. While turning the wheels, one ought to say 'hail to the jewel in the lotus'. One can see the devout and monks do the same. The sound of a collective chant emanates from the prayer and meditation rooms in the monastery can also be heard in the background.
150. Enchey Monastery, Gangtok.
Shaped in the form of a Chinese Pagoda, Enchey Monastery worships Buddha, Loki Sharia and Guru Padmasambhava. This 200 year old monastery can be reached by taking regular buses, jeeps or by hiring taxis from Gangtok. The drive to the monastery is dotted with colorful blooms, intermittent waterfalls, beautifully stacked shops of green leafy vegetables and local produce. The green of the forest and the hazy blue of the sky merge with the spiritual flavor of monastery area and the effect is transcendental.
Emchey means ‘a solitary temple’. True to its name the monastery is surrounded with tall pines and glistening mountain ranges, instilling one with a typical quiet and calm, so intrinsic to any spiritual exercise. The beautiful landscape adds to this spiritual content.
The monastery houses hundred monks belonging to the Nyingma order.
151. Pemayangtse Monastery, Pelling.
As one of the oldest monasteries in Sikkim and surely the most sacred of them, Pemayangtse Monastery holds a special place in the labyrinth of the state’s cultural history. A moment of reclusive peace, a feeling of mind-whirling introspection, a newfound urge to set off on an unending soul search – Pemayangtse makes you go through all these and more. Of course, when a place means something like “perfect sublime lotus” literally, your mental projection would scarcely head towards some other direction. Pemayangtse Monastery is a tri-level building filled with some magnificent artifacts of great historical value on each of the floors. The third floor of the monastery contains what would be the most fascinating of the lot – a seven-tiered painted wooden structure of Guru Rinpoche’s abode, Zandog palri, done up with dragons, rainbows and an entire ensemble of all the Bodhisattvas.
152. Rabdentse Ruins, Pelling.
Rabdentse was the seat of the second capital of the then princely state of Sikkim. It became the second capital of Sikkim after the second Chogyal (monarch) shifted his royal base from Yuksom in 1670 to this very place. Bounded by a valley thickly overgrown with virgin forests, Rabdentse Ruins is really a remarkable sight. Even the leisurely walk to the ruins will take you through a scenic route that will seem like a poetic illustration out of a fairy tale, with goldfish-filled placid lakes and exotic species of orchids giving you company all the way. The parapet of the former capital affords some of the most spectacular views of the misty mountains beyond. The best time to visit this ruins would be the spring season when the whole valley comes alive, enhancing the splendor of the destination by greater levels.
153. Rumtek Monastery, Gangtok.
Rumtek Monastery is situated at an altitude of about 5800 feet (1547 meters) and is located in eastern Sikkim. 24 kilometers from Gangtok, the 300 year old monastery was mostly in ruins and surrounded by dense jungle growth till about half a century ago. In 1959, His Holiness the Sixteen Gyalwa Karmapa accepted the Chogyal's invitation to set up his seat in Sikkim. And he gathered resources to begin construction of new facilities to support his monastic seat surrounding the old monastery.
154. Sangachoeling Monastery, Pelling.
Sangachoeling Monastery, the second oldest monastery in Sikkim rests peacefully on what looks like a mesa, about 3 kilometers (1.86 miles) southwest of Upper Pelling. Literally meaning the “land of the sacred spell,” Sangachoeling Monastery was initially built in 1697, although the original structure crumbled under the impact of a serious earthquake. The surreal ambience of the monastery is ideal for visitors who want to enjoy some quality soliloquy and meditate amongst the resplendent nature around. The followers of the Nyingma-pa sect hold the Sangachoeling Monastery in great reverence, even as the historical complex is considered a great centre for Tibetan Buddhism studies in India.
155. Christ Church, Mahabaleshwar.
Christ Church is another famous church in Mahabaleshwar. Built during the British reign of the region, the church features elaborate stained glass windows that depict Jesus Christ, the four Evangelists, Moses and even St John the Baptist. The sight of these magnificent windows and the fine craftsmanship is a sight to behold.
156. Holy Cross Church, Mahabaleshwar.
Another monument whose origins can be traced back to the British rule is the Holy Cross Church. Built by Catholic residents of the region, it is a small church that is worth a visit for its serene location and historic structure. Though the church is now in a dilapidated condition, people still flock here to see the beautiful and intricate stained glass windows.
157. Lahaul & Spiti Tribal Museum, Keylong.
To help preserve the distinct cultural and religious identity of the area, Himachal’s Department of Art and Culture established a community museum of tribal and folk art in Keylong in 2008. The museum has archaeological and anthropological artifacts. Other exhibits include utensils made of stone – which are still used in some homes; farm implements and traditional apparel. Handmade carpets are also on display. Other items include the collection of rare manuscripts in the Bhoti and Tankri scripts. Rare thangka paintings are there too.
158. Madikeri Fort, Coorg.
Originally made in mud, the 110 feet long Madikeri Fort was re-built in stone (with secret underground passages) by Tipu Sultan. Much later Lingarajendra Wodeyar II reconstructed this two-storied fort with brick and mortar between 1812 - 1817. Now the District Collector’s Office, this palace has a stone formation of a tortoise with the initials of King Vijayarajendra and two life size stone replicas of the royal elephants killed by King Veera Raja. In 1855, the British built a Gothic styled Anglican St. Mark's Church which has now been converted into a museum. After a couple of facelifts a Clock Tower and a portico were added by the British in 1933.
159. Morarji Castle, Mahabaleshwar.
Morarji Castle is a quaint colonial style structure that allures the visitors with its old world charm. It was here that Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation lived in 1945 during the freedom struggle.
160. Mount Malcolm, Mahabaleshwar.
Though Mahabaleshwar is primarily a hill station it has its fair share of history, a lot of it dates back to the presence of British garrisons and officers. There are a lot of structures in the city that date back to the time of the Raj. One of the most prominent among them is Mount Malcolm the one-time residence of Governor Sir John Malcolm who was also the founder of this beautiful hill station. Built in 1829, it boasts of a spectacular architectural style. Every nook and corner of this structural delight is reminiscent of the opulent British Raj. It is situated on the Prospect Point.
161. Pinjore Garden, Chandigarh.
Built in classic Mughal-style, the Pinjore Gardens are located some 22 kilometers outside of Chandigarh in the eponymous district. Designed by Nawab Fidal Khan, a competent architect and a foster brother of the Emperor Aurangzeb, these beautifully landscaped, terraced gardens are a welcome change from the overwhelming urban beauty of Chandigarh. One of the rare sites of historical importance, the Pinjore Gardens are a lovely example of a Paradise garden, distinctive in its intersecting waterways and quadrants.
162. Rock Garden, Chandigarh.
The astonishing Rock Garden of Chandigarh is located in Sector 1, near the Sukhna Lake. Spread over an area of 40 acres, it is a testament to artistic brilliance achieved from items one might consider crash. For this stunning amalgamation of courtyards, sculptures, pathways, and mosaics is made entirely of industrial and residential waste and junk. An iconic attraction in Chandigarh, the Rock Garden is a interesting study of art and imagination.