222 Results found for Search: religious attractions
1. Abdul Baba Cottage, Shirdi.
Abdul Baba was one of Sai Baba’s most fervent followers. His small, green-colored cottage opposite Chavadi in Shirdi, is an interesting collection of memoirs. A tour of the house takes you to the main room comprising exhibits of Sai Baba with Abdul. You will also come across a photograph of Baba with Swami Chinmayanand.
2. Akal Takht, Amritsar.
The year 1606 marked a watershed in Sikh history. The death of Guru Arjan Dev on the diktat of Mughal Emperor Jahangir triggered a significant change in direction of the new faith. Guru Hargobind, who succeeded him, started adding a martial dimension to the spiritual tenets of Sikhism to tackle future Mughal persecution. This led to the construction of the Akal Takht within the Harmandir Sahib Complex. And from here strategies of battles ahead were worked out. Writes Khushwant Singh in his seminal book ‘A History of the Sikhs’, “[It was here that] instead of chanting hymns of peace, the congregation heard ballads extolling feats of heroism and discussed plans of religious discourses.”
3. Alamgir Mosque, Varanasi.
It was originally a Vishnu temple built by a Maratha chieftain named Beni Madhav Rao Scindia. Built in the 17th century, it was destroyed by Aurangzeb within a few decades of it being built. The lower portions of the enclosure walls retain their Hindu design while the rest of the mosque is in Mughal style. The architecture of the mosque is a blend of Hindu and Persian styles, and is very imposing. The edifice is magnificent with carved pillars, turrets and marvelous domes.
4. Arjun Gufa, Manali.
f you wish to take a half day excursion in Manali and enjoy spectacular views of the snow-capped Himalayan ranges and the surrounding alpine forests, Arjun Gufa (cave) is a good place to be! A 5-kilometer (3 miles) drive from Manali, Arjun Cave is nestled on the left bank of the gurgling Beas River, near the village of Prini. Legend has it that Arjun from the epic Mahabharat had meditated here to get Pashupata Ashtra (a weapon from Lord Indra).
5. Azhagar Kovil, Madurai.
Azhagar Kovil is one of the most celebrated temples dedicated to Lord Vishnu, about 21 kilometers (13 miles) north-west of Madurai. Nestled atop a wooded hill amid panoramic surroundings, the shrine known as Alagarkoil and the hill Solaimalai, is home to some truly beautiful carvings. At this shrine, Lord Vishnu presides as Meenakshi’s brother ‘Azhagar’. Interestingly, when the celestial marriage of Meenakshi with Sundereshwar is celebrated during Chithrai festival in April/May, the idol of Azhagar is journeyed to Madurai. Devotees carry out a gold processional icon called the Sundararajar from Azhagar Kovil to Madurai for the wedding ritual.
6. Beas Kund, Manali.
Beas Kund is a serene lake from which River Beas originates. A trip to Beas Kund can well be clubbed with a visit to Rohtang Pass. Sheltered by an igloo-like stone formation, Beas Kund is a sacred place of the Hindus and a popular trekking destination. This is an easy trek and does not require any high altitude experience. Starting from Manali, wind through Solang Valley and follow the trail via Dhundi and Bakartach to enter the Beas Kund glacier, the birthplace of holy Beas River. It opens up a vista of stark, rocky terrain devoid of vegetation, with the crystal clear water of Beas springing out from a tiny, roundish igloo-like rock. The waters of the Beas are chilly enough to numb your finger, so think twice before touching it!
7. Bharat Mata Temple, Varanasi.
Located 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) off Godaulia is the Bharat Mata Temple. The only one of its kind, it's dedicated to Mother India. Located in the Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth campus, the temple was built by Babu Shiv Prasad Gupt and inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1936. The presiding deity is a marble statue of undivided India. The unique aspect of Bharat Mata Temple is that instead of the gods and goddesses from the Hindu pantheon, it houses a relief map of India.
8. Bheemakali Temple, Shimla.
Dedicated to Goddess Durga, also called Bheemakali, the Temple is one of the fifty Shakti Peeths and is nestled amidst towering deodar trees on a hillock at Sarahan. Over 800 years old, the temple has a Buddha idol and several Hindu deities such as Goddess Durga, Lord Shiva and Parvathi, Ganesha, and Brajeshwari. The architecture of the temple is also an interesting blend of Hindu and Buddhist styles, with elements such as wooden-sloped concave roofs, golden towers, pagodas and silver-coated doors. Human sacrifice was made here until about 200 years ago, though animal sacrifices are carried out even today during festivals.
9. Chavadi, Shirdi.
Located close to Dwarkamai mosque, Chavadi is a humble two-room house where Sai Baba used to sleep after returning from the procession from Dwarkamai to Chavadi. Devotees hold this place dear to their hearts because Baba during the last decade of his life spent alternate nights here, also his body was bathed for the last time at Chavadi before his funeral. Make a brief trip to this place and see the asan (seat) on which Sai Baba used to sit - a wooden plank and a wheelchair bought by him are also placed at Chavadi.
10. Cheriyapally, Kumarakom.
Otherwise known as St. Mary’s Church, Cheriyapally in Kottayam is one of the oldest Christian churches in the country, though built many years after Valiyapally. It belongs to the Malankara Orthodox Church and was built by the Raja of Thekkumkur in 1579. In Kottayam you will find two churches dedicated to St. Mary, this one having been built and consecrated in 1579 by the Portuguese with the assistance of a local Hindu raja. And unsurprisingly, its architecture is a fine blend of Portuguese and Hindu styles. Look out for the suspended lamps in the hall, the murals on the interior walls created out of vegetable dyes, and the granite pillars.
11. Chettikulangara Bhagavathy Temple, Alleppey.
Sree Bhagavathy Temple is located at Chettikulangara, about 8 kilometers (5 miles) east of NH 47 on the Mavelikara-Kayamkulam route. Believed to be over 1200 years old, the temple is dedicated to Bhadrakali or goddess Jagadambika. There isn’t any historical evidence to support the origin of the temple, though legend has it that the temple is among the five established by Lord Parashurama. Some also believe that it was consecrated by Padmapadacharyar, a leading disciple of Adi Shankara. The deity at Chettikulangara is believed to possess miraculous powers, bringing devotees in droves to pay their tributes.
12. Christ Church, Munnar.
A popular landmark in the hill resort of Munnar, Christ Church is a well weathered stone structure with charming interiors. This Protestant church was built by the Scottish tea estate managers and workers in 1910, and has 14 original rows of rosewood pews and an ornate chandelier. Though the façade has worn out with time, the interiors still have the original stained-glass windows, besides many brass plaques in the memory of the tea planters. There is a cemetery on the hillside adjacent to the church with tombs dating back to 1894.
13. Christ Church, Shimla.
Dating back to the mid-19th century, Christ Church is the second oldest church in Northern India, and still retains its original grandeur. A towering neo-gothic structure, the Christ Church’s yellow façade is a prominent feature of Shimla’s skyline. Look out for its stained glass windows, brass plaques and tablets, bells and the largest pipe organ in the country. Sunday services are held at 0900 and 1100 hours.
14. Church of Our Lady of Rosary, Goa.
Church of Our Lady of Rosary is located at Holy Hill to the west of the Basilica of Bom Jesus in Old Goa. Old Goa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site is embellished with architectural masterpieces in the form of churches and convents from the golden age. Most of these churches were built after 15th century as a thanksgiving to the Portuguese victory in annexing Goa. One such structure was the Church of Our Lady of Rosary which marked the first victory of Portuguese in Goa.
15. Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Pondicherry.
French missionary zeal in the 17th and 18th century saw numerous imposing churches built in Pondicherry. One such construction is the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. On a trip to Pondicherry, you cannot miss this colossal Neo-Gothic structure that stands on the south boulevard, just beyond the railway station. Its rare stained glass panels depicting the life of Christ are awe inspiring. Over 100 years old, the church has withstood the ravages of time, with only a couple of fissures on some of its windows. The building is about 50-meter-tall (167 feet), marked by rose windows, twin spires and a huge exterior.
16. Dixit Wada Museum, Shirdi.
A very interesting museum, Dixit Wada located at the centre of the Sansthan complex in Shirdi, is a store house of memorabilia of the great ascetic, Sai Baba. It is a charming and compact museum housing an impressive collection of rare black and white photographs of Sai Baba. You will also come across a display of his kafni (the long robes), leather padukas (footwear) and his smoking pipe.
17. Durga Temple, Varanasi.
This temple is dedicated to Goddess Durga, another form of Lord Shiva's consort, Parvati. She is an embodiment of Shakti or female energy in Hindu mythology. Clad in red sari, riding a tiger and fully armed with Shiva's trident and a sword, she presents a menacing picture. A stark primeval atmosphere is all pervasive in the inner sanctum. In architectural terms the temple has an ornate, multi-tiered shikhara comprising five segments symbolizing the five elements and is supported by finely carved columns. Popularly known as the ‘Monkey’ temple, their presence in large numbers can be disconcerting to the uninitiated.
18. Durgiana Mandir , Amritsar.
Built in the 1930s, it resembles the Golden Temple in its layout. The sanctum of the mandir is set in the middle of a tank and the central dome is in the shape of a Sikh temple. Devotees start doing the parikrama from the right of the main gate. The Shiva Temple is the first attraction en route. Next in line is the bathing ghat for women. Thereafter along the periphery of the sarovar (pond) are a number of small temples dedicated of Satyanarayan, Krishna and Hanuman among others. The entire parikrama flooring has been done in white marble stone. It adds to the visual appeal of the Temple Complex.
19. Dwarkamai, Shirdi.
Located on the right side of the entrance to Samadhi Mandir, Dwarkamai is a holy site where Sai Baba spent most of his day hours. This is believed to be the site where Baba met the distressed people and solved their woes. Legend has it that, he would distribute prasad (holy sweet) to the devotees which would cure their maladies and bring an end to their miseries. Dwarkamai is actually a mosque spread across two levels. In the first level, you will see a portrait of Sai Baba and a big stone on which he used to sit.
20. Eastern Group of Temples, Khajuraho.
In the pecking order, the Eastern Group follows the Western Group in order of importance. Temples in the Eastern Group can be further divided into two clusters. Temples in the old village being one cluster, and the Jain temples being the other.
One of the first temples one encounters here has a two-meter-high image of Hanuman. A little beyond is the Brahma temple that strangely has a chaturmukha (four-faced) lingam. The eastern and western sides have gentle expressions, while the north has the face of Uma (Parvati). The ferocious southern face is surrounded by images of destruction.
21. Edathua Church, Alleppey.
Edathua Church is a lovely medieval style structure from the 19th century dedicated to St. George. This colossal shrine nestles on the banks of River Pampa, about 24 kilometers (15 miles) from Alleppey on the Alleppey-Thiruvalla Road. According to legend, prayers and offerings made at this church help recover from mental imbalances and other ailments. The church is thronged with devotees especially during the annual feast from 27 April to 7 May (the Malayalam month of Medam). Though the festivities lasts for 11 days, the main celebration takes place only on the last few days before the feast day on the 6th of May.
22. Eglise de Notre Dame des Anges, Pondicherry.
Eglise de Notre Dame des Anges or the Church of Our Lady of Angels in Rue Dumas is a beautiful Greco-Roman structure modeled on the Basilica at Lourdes in Southern France. The façade of the church is noted for its masonry which is a combination of the finest limestone blended with egg white, creating a texture identical to that of white marble. It gets a lot of visitors, some of whom come to view the much acclaimed oil painting of Our Lady of the Assumption, a gift from the French emperor, Napoleon III.
23. Flatts, Nainital.
In 1880, a massive landslide flattened a large portion of land to the northern side of Naini Lake. This stretch of land is now popular with locals and tourists for the numerous recreational activities it offers. Close to it is the Naini Devi Temple, a popular pilgrimage spot of Hindus. The area around it has a chat bazaar specializing in local snacks, and bhotia bazaar selling an array of fancy souvenirs. Whilst you enjoy snacks and select souvenirs, acrobats, magicians and musical bands add an extra bit of zest to the atmosphere, although only during high season.
24. Gadhan Thekchoking Gompa, Manali.
Gadhan Thekchoking Gompa located near the Mall is a popularly visited Tibetan monastery in Manali run by the locals. Built in 1969, the monastery has a Tibetan-style of architecture adorned with brightly colored frescoes and a mid-size statue of Lord Buddha. Explore the monastery, meditate in peace, and before leaving browse the souvenir shop for its collection of Tibetan handicraft and hand-woven carpets. If you are visiting in the evening, you will be in for a truly visual treat. The monastery is beautifully lit with electric bulbs, with the fragrance of Tibetan incense adding to the ambience.
25. Ganga Aarti, Varanasi.
Ganga Aarti at Dasaswamedh Ghat is a show stopper. It is on the 'must do' list of every tourist. It starts soon after sundown, and goes on for an hour and half, but visitors begin streaming in as early as 5 PM. The preparation in the lead up to the Aarti sets the tone for the evening ahead. It all begins with young priests organizing their prayer instruments on their respective platforms – eight odd of them. Visitors start taking their seats while locals can be seen buying flowers and other items from shops around selling pooja-related stuff.
The big fire lit lamps look beautiful as darkness envelops the area.
26. Golden Temple, Amritsar.
Harmandir Sahib, popularly referred to as Golden Temple, is the spiritual epicenter of Sikhism. A visit to Harmandir Sahib is an act of piety for every Sikh. In much the same manner as Mecca is to Muslims. For tourists, the gold leafed marble monument in the middle of a blue pool is at once arresting. The continuous strains of kirtan and Gurbani recitals, and people performing ‘Kar Seva’ - that highlights the religion’s egalitarian ethos - add up to leave a lasting impression. Such has been the magical pull of this spiritual place that it has been getting more footfalls than even the Taj Mahal. And its draw isn’t confined only to the Sikh community.
27. Good Shepherd Church, Kumarakom.
Good Shepherd Church is located behind the civil station about 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) from Kottayam, and is the first church of the Diocese of Vijayapuram. The construction work of the church was completed in 1882. The Italian architecture of the church is rather impressive and catches the eye first-up, with the façade still in great condition especially after it was refurbished in 1964.
28. Gurusthan, Shirdi.
A site of immense religious significance, Gurusthan is the spot where Sai Baba took to meditation after first arriving at Shirdi as a 16-year-old child ascetic. He is believed to have sat in deep contemplation under a shady Margosa (Neem) tree in this site, and it is this Neem tree which is referred to in ‘Sai Sat-Charitra’. The place is called Gurusthan (meaning the place of the Guru) because it is also the shrine where Sai Baba’s spiritual leader took samadhi (gave up his body). The Neem tree, under which Baba sat after first coming to Shirdi, is said to have absorbed miracle powers.
29. Hadimba Temple, Manali.
An absolute must-do on your Manali holiday is a trip to the iconic Hadimba Temple. After winding your way through forests of whispering deodars, you will be faced with a pagoda-like wooden structure seemingly shrouded in mystery and folklore. In the middle of a forest called Dhungri Van Vihar, the four-tiered Hadimba Temple stands 27 meters tall (90 feet), exuding an air of austerity. Walk through an ornate front gate displaying images of animals, gods and goddesses, legendary figures and symbols. Within the temple there are no idols, but a foot-print on stone. The structure was erected in 1553 by Maharana Bahadur Singh and dedicated to Hadimba Devi (a female demon).
30. Hanuman Garhi, Nainital.
Nestled on the Uttarakhand hills at an altitude of 1951 meters (approx. 6401 feet), Hanuman Garhi is a beautiful temple complex dedicated to Lord Hanuman. Set up by Baba Neem Kiroli in the 1950s, the temple has the shrines of Lord Hanuman, Rama and Shiva. After paying your respects to the deities, you could stay back to enjoy a spectacular sunset over the hills from this vantage point.
31. Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa, Manali.
Set amidst a beautiful garden of sunflowers, Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa is pretty close to the Manali bazaar. Though smaller than Gadhan Thekchoking Gompa, it has a more modern façade. The monastery houses a huge gold faced statue of Lord Buddha. When darkness sets in, the place glitters with electric bulbs, with the fragrance of Tibetan incense enriching its peaceful ambience.
32. Jagatsukh, Manali.
One of the most picturesque places in Manali, Jagatsukh is an erstwhile capital of Kullu, about 6 kilometers south of the main town. This beautiful hamlet is one of the biggest in Kullu District and opens up a bucolic scenery of lush farmlands, quaint country houses, ancient temples, alpine forests and stark hills silhouetted against a bright blue sky. The Shiva temple built in a peculiar shikhara style is a popular attraction here. Appreciate the architecture of this wooden temple standing against a splendid backdrop of the snow-capped Himalayas. Also explore the smaller shrine of Gaurishankar, the chalet-roofed temple dedicated to goddess Sandhya Devi and the Sharvali Devi temple in the nearby village of Shooru.
33. Jagdish Temple, Udaipur.
Every visitor to Udaipur most definitely pays a visit to Jagdish Temple, a part of the City Palace complex. Built by Maharana Jagat Singh in 1651 in Indo-Aryan style of architecture, the temple is dedicated to Hindu deity Vishnu. The gateway to the temple is visible from about 150 meters (500 feet) from the Bara Pol of the City Palace, not to mention it is the largest temple in Udaipur. Appreciate the intricately carved pillars, decorated ceilings, painted walls and lavish halls of this three-storied temple. Take a closer look at the 24-meter-high (79 feet) pyramidal spire of the main temple adorned with sculptures of dancers, elephants, horsemen and musicians.
34. Jain Temple, Jaisalmer.
One of the highlights of the fort is the group of seven interconnected Jain temples. Intricately carved pillars catch the eye first up, as the temples come into the visual frame of a visitor, while meandering through the narrow lanes of the fort. As one steps into the temple complex built in the 15th and 16th centuries, the delicate craftsmanship of sculptures is hard to miss. The soft, warm stone lends itself perfectly to sculptures. But as one goes further into the complex the lack of space becomes evident, and certain sections are pretty dark, especially in Sambhavanath Temple. Visit the temples when there aren't too many people around to appreciate their beauty. The main temple is dedicated to the 22nd Tirthankara – Parsvanath. One enters the temple through a beautifully carved toran (gateway) with brightly painted ceiling. The main idol within the sanctum sanctorum is said to have been brought here from Lodhurva, the earlier capital of the Bhatti Rajputs of Jaisalmer.
35. Jakhu Temple, Shimla.
Nestled atop the highest peak of Shimla at an altitude of 8202 feet (2461 meters), the century-old Jakhu Temple is Shimla’s most popular landmark. It takes a 2-kilometer (1.24 miles) trek to get to the temple - the path flanked by dense forests home to a large population of monkeys. As you approach the summit, the temple would seem as though jutting out of greenery. The architecture of the temple, the generous splashes of bold colors and the Hanuman motifs on its façade, bring character to its sedate alpine setting. Jakhu is dedicated to Lord Hanuman. Visitors can also opt to cover the distance from the base of Jakhu Hill to the temple on horseback.
36. Jama Masjid, New Delhi.
Standing sentinel over Old Delhi, the massive domes and tall minarets of Jama Masjid are conspicuous from the Red Fort. It is the greatest mosque in India, and definitely the largest, with a courtyard capable of accommodating 25,000 worshipers. Work on Jama Masjid began in 1644 and ended up being the final architectural extravagance of Shah Jahan, the Mughal Emperor who built the Taj Mahal and Red Fort. This beautifully ornate mosque has three great gates, four towers and two 40-meter-high (133 feet) minarets built of red sandstone and white marble.
37. Jangli Maharaj Ashram, Shirdi.
Located on the Shirdi-Manmad State Highway, the Vishwatmak Jangli Maharaj Ashram is about 7 kilometers (4 miles) from Shirdi. The ashram runs under the guidance of spiritual guru Vishwatmak Gurudev Janglidas Maharaj. This spiritual-cum-socio-educational centre aims at teaching, preaching, guiding, and experiencing the soul. It also runs a co-educational residential school for children.
38. Jaswant Thada, Jodhpur.
Once you are done with Mehrangarh fort, just amble down some half a kilometer towards north of the fort. There stands Jaswant Thanda, a pillared marble memorial to the popular ruler Jaswant Singh II (1878-95). Well maintained gardens welcome you inside the compound, and provide a great base to sit back and reflect on what you’ve seen and experienced.
This cenotaph was built by Sardar Singhji in memory of his father. The cenotaphs of members of the royal family who died after him are close to his memorial, and those who preceded him are remembered by chhatris at Mandore.
39. Kapaleeshwar Temple, Chennai.
Located in Mylapore, Kapaleeshwar is a centuries-old temple renowned for its 8th century Pallavan architecture. According to legend, the temple is located on the spot where Brahma, one of the Hindu trinities, installed a Shiva lingam. Kapaleeshwar is dedicated to Lord Shiva, and also has the shrines of Goddess Parvathi, his consort, and the bronze idols of 63 Saivaite Saints or Nayanmars, devotees of Shiva who composed many poems in praise of the Lord.
40. Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi.
If Varanasi is the city of Lord Shiva, then Kashi Vishwanath Temple is its beating heart. Of the over 2,000 temples in Varanasi, this is the most important. Also, the holiest of the 12 revered Jyotirlingas, a glimpse of which is considered very auspicious.
The antiquity of the original temple is hard to ascertain as the city and its temples were repeatedly destroyed by the pre-Mughal Muslim invaders and later by Aurangzeb. But the devotion in hearts of Banarasis for Shiva has outlived every such attempt. The current structure was rebuilt by Queen Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore in 1777. The gold plated shikhara and ceiling has resulted in the temple also being referred to as the 'Golden Temple'.
41. Khandoba Mandir, Shirdi.
A very old temple, Khandoba Mandir is located on the Ahmednagar-Kopergaon road near Shri Sainath Hospital in Shirdi. Khandoba is the presiding deity of the Shirdi village, and the temple has sculpted icons of Khandoba, Banai and Mhalsai. It is believed that Sai Baba had stepped here in Shirdi at the foot of a banyan tree near Khandoba Mandir to attend a marriage procession. And on seeing him the head priest of the temple, Mhalsapati, called out “ya Sai”, thus the friar without a name began to be called Sai Baba.
42. Krishnapuram Palace, Alleppey.
Located about 47 kilometers (29.3 miles) from Alleppey on the way to Quilon, the Krishnapuram Palace was constructed during the reign of the Travancore monarch, Marthanda Varma. Though, the age of the palace is not known. Its double-storied façade displays a typical Kerala style of architecture complete with gabled roofs, dormer windows and narrow corridors. The palace is home to one of the largest mural paintings in Kerala, called the Gajendra Moksham. Marvel at its sheer size, measuring 14 feet by 11 feet, at the western end of the ground floor – a walking distance from the palace pool.
43. Laxmi Narayan Temple, Jaipur.
Sited at the base of the Moti Dungri Fort, the white façade and dome of the Laxmi Narayan Temple stand out amidst Jaipur’s historic skyline. This relatively modern temple was built in mid 1900s by the Birlas, one of India’s leading industrial houses. The temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu, also known as Narayan and his consort Goddess Laxmi. But many other Hindu deities as well as philosophers such as Socrates and Confucius, and prophets like Zarathustra, Buddha, and Jesus are also well represented. A popular prayer ground, the temple of also notable for its fine marble architecture and intricate carvings.
44. Lotus Temple, New Delhi.
A 20th century architectural marvel, this lotus-shaped Bahai temple is open to all faiths and is an ideal place to meditate in peace. Located in the South Delhi locality of Kalkaji, the lotus bud-shape of the temple is made of white marble, cement, dolomite and sand. In fact it is last of the seven major Bahai temples built around the world.
45. Luz Church, Chennai.
Dating back to 1516 A.D, Luz Church or the Church of Our Lady of Light is the oldest in Chennai, built by Portuguese Franciscan monks who set out to spread the message of Jesus Christ in the country. The church was built in veneration to Mother Mary, who it is said, guided the lost-at-sea missionaries to this spot in a glade by shining a light. Hence the name Luz, meaning light in Portuguese. The annual feast in honor of the Mother is celebrated on August 15th, the day of the Assumption of Mother Mary.
46. Mahamandir, Jodhpur.
Mahamandir means the 'great temple'. Located 4 kilometers (2½ miles) northeast of the city center on the road to Mandore, the complex has an ancient Shiva temple within its precincts.
Built in 1812, this walled monastery complex has hundreds of structures. The monastery belongs to the Nath community.
47. Mahashivratri, Khajuraho.
If you are the type who wants to experience the local way of life, time your visit to coincide with Mahashivratri in Khajuraho in February-March every year. Thousands of people from villages around converge here as pilgrims to celebrate the marriage of Shiva and Parvati. That night the celestial wedding is re-enacted by the locals who infuse meaning and soul to this UNESCO World Heritage Site. And the erotic sculptures form a metaphor of the union of Shiva and Parvati.
48. Mangala Devi Temple, Thekkady.
The Mangala Devi Temple is an architectural find in the middle of deep woods atop a 1337-meter-high (4457 feet) peak. About 15 kilometers (9.37 miles) from Thekkady, this ancient stone temple dedicated to local deity Mangala, is designed in typical Pandian style. The temple serves as a perfect vantage point to view the Western Ghats from a different perspective, and enjoy panoramic views of the vast plains of Tamil Nadu stretching into distance. Visitors are allowed to this sacred shrine only during the Chithra Pournami festival day when it is thronged by the locals from in and around Thekkady.
49. Mannarasala Sree Nagaraja Temple, Alleppey.
Sree Nagaraja Temple is one of the most important and ancient centers of snake worship in Kerala, located at Mannarasala about 35 kilometers (22 miles) from Alleppey near Haripad on NH 47 on the Alleppey-Kollam route. Interestingly – and probably one of the rarest in the world - the temple has women priests to worship the serpent deities and conduct the rituals. Its thatched hut like architecture is typical of Kerala, and is also a fine example of an eco-friendly existence. The temple is about 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) to the south-east of the bus station in NH 47 at Haripad.
50. Manu Temple, Manali.
Begin your Manali excursion with a trip to the famous Manu Temple, about 3 kilometers from the main bazaar in the old Manali region. A slippery pebbled trail leads you to the temple premise amidst lush surroundings on the bank of river Beas. This ancient temple is dedicated to sage Manu who is believed to be the creator of human race and the writer of Manusmriti. The only temple of Manu in India, legend has it that he saved the Vedas and the seven sages from a great flood. It is assumed that subsequent to the inundation, Manu meditated at this site in Manali after stepping on earth.
51. Marundeeswarar Temple, Chennai.
Devotees from Chennai and surrounds come to this ancient temple in Tiruvanmyur to pay their respects to Lord Shiva depicted as Lord Marundeeswarar or the Divine Physician. It is widely believed that consuming the prashad or the sacred ash, milk and water offered to the deity can cure your maladies.
52. Maruti Temple, Shirdi.
The old Maruti Temple was of special significance to Sai Baba as he used to come here religiously. It is located half way between Dwarkamai and Chavadi, just a few minutes from Abdul Baba’s cottage. Sai Baba would hold satsangs (religious sermons) here along with Devidas, a bal yogi (young devout) who used to reside in this temple about 10-12 years before Baba’s coming to Shirdi. It is believed that Maruti Temple is the only temple besides Khandoba in the Shirdi village to have direct association with the life of the benevolent saint, Sai Baba.
53. Masthan Saheb Darga, Pondicherry.
It is a popular mosque dedicated to revered Sufi saint, Masthan Saheb Syed Dawood Buhari, who came to Karaikal from Buhara about two centuries ago. The dargah was built to commemorate his miracles after his death in 1829 at the age of 120. The annual celebrations here are marked by a more than 170-year-old Kandhuri festival in November in memory of the various miracles attributed to him. This begins with the hoisting of a huge flag on a pole reminiscent of a ship and a sea-faring tradition. The revelry winds up 10 days hence with a spectacle of floats lit with electric colors.
54. Mazaar of Baba Sheikh Braham, Amritsar.
Khem Karan is a tiny border town that saw fierce action during the 1965 Indo-Pak war. A couple of hours drive from Amritsar, Khem Karan tehsil today is better known for the Mazaar of Baba Sheikh Braham. A Sufi saint revered by people on both sides of the border, the mazaar is the only place in India where Pakistani citizens are allowed to make an unofficial visit without a visa. Such is the faith in the saint that this is a zone of piece. A place where soldiers from both sides periodically lay down their arm to come and pray! A big fair is organized towards the end of the monsoon when people at large from both sides of the border come to pay their respects at the shrine. It is believed that a wish made here is always fulfilled.
55. Naina Devi Temple, Nainital.
The Naina Devi Temple is located on the banks of the Naini Lake and carries a fascinating legend with it. It is believed that Lord Shiva’s consort, Sati, immolated herself after her father neglected to invite Lord Shiva for a function. Lord Shiva enraged began a cosmic dance that threatened to destroy the earth. Lord Vishnu was compelled to intervene by scattering Sati’s mortal remains across the earth, leading to one of her eyes falling in Nainital. This explains, according to mythology, the birth of the mysterious Naini (eye-shaped) Lake. After many years, a temple dedicated to goddess Naina Devi was built on its shores. Popularly visited by the locals, the temple also has shrines of Mata Kali Devi, Lord Ganesha and Lord Hanuman.
56. Neemach Mata Temple, Udaipur.
Neemach Mata Temple is an 800 meter trek up a wooded hill on the bank of Fateh Sagar Lake in the Dewali area of Udaipur. You can either take the staircase to the hilltop or climb up the slope. Inside the temple, the main shrine is that of Neemach Mata Devi, in addition to a Ganesha idol and three west facing, stone-carved lions. You will find a spacious courtyard like area outside the inner temple used for performing yagna. Important Hindu festivals such as Deepavali, Navratri and Dussehra are celebrated at this temple with great enthusiastic favor.
57. New Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi.
This was the brainchild of Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, founder of the Banaras Hindu University. A progressive intellectual, he espoused the cause of a casteless Hindu society. The Birlas gave shape to the Pandit's idea by funding the temple construction. A lofty white-marble shikhara is the singular feature of this temple. Drawing inspiration from the original Vishwanth Temple that was destroyed by Aurangzeb, the sanctum has a Shiva lingam and verses from Hindu scriptures inscribed on the walls. In keeping with the Pandit's egalitarian ethos, it is open to all.
58. Nizamuddin Auliya Dargah, New Delhi.
The dargah (mosque) of Nizamuddin Auliya, a revered Sufi saint, can be reached from New Delhi’s Mathura Road. Before stepping in, take your shoes off and cover your head with a handkerchief or the likes. You will pass a medieval archway and enter a lavish courtyard that faces the tomb of Sufi poet Amir Khusrau, beautifully illuminated if you are visiting near dusk. Built by Mohammed Tughlaq in the 16th century, the mosque houses the tombs Jahanara, the daughter of Mughal Emperor Shahjahan, Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib, besides that of Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusrau.
59. Our Lady of Fatima Cathedral, Udaipur.
If you are looking for a church in Udaipur, visit Our Lady of Fatima Cathedral in front of St. Paul’s School in Bhupalpura. The cathedral is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Udaipur.
60. Ram Tirath Temple, Amritsar.
Located about 11 kilometers (7 miles) from the city center on the Amritsar-Chogawan Road, Ram Tirath Temple is celebrated because of the legends associated with it. It is believed that Lord Rama left his wife Sita here after rescuing her back from Lanka. Sage Valmiki gave her shelter. Soon after, Sita gave birth to her sons - Luv and Kush. The twins grew up under the guidance of Valmiki. The sage then went on to pen the epic - Ramayana.
61. Ruins of Church of St. Augustine, Goa.
In proximity to the Nunnery atop Holy Hill in Old Goa stands the iconic 46-meter-high (153 feet) tower that served as a belfry and formed a part of the façade of the magnificent Church of St. Augustine. The construction of the church was initiated by twelve Augustan friars in 1572, and was completed only by 1602. Now in ruins, the church was perhaps the biggest in Goa in its heyday. Reproduced on innumerable travel magazines and post cards, the ruins of the Church of St. Augustine are one of the most photographed monuments in Goa.
62. Samadhi of Abdul Baba, Shirdi.
Abdul Baba was one of Sai Baba’s most ardent followers, and used to read out the Quran to him. His samadhi (memorial) is located within the premises of the Shri Sai Baba Temple. Abdul Baba’s Samadhi gets a lot of visitors who come to view the photographs and various things that were once used by Sai Baba.
63. San Thom Cathedral , Chennai.
The National Shrine of St. Thomas Basilica or San Thom Cathedral, as it is more popularly known as, is one of the only three churches in the world to be built on the tomb of one of Jesus Christ’s 12 apostles. A major pilgrimage point and tourist attraction, this church stands on the tomb of St. Thomas, the apostle who introduced Christianity in India. According to popular belief, the church was initially built by St. Thomas himself and later rebuilt by Portuguese voyagers in 1504. The British reconstructed it as a cathedral in neo-gothic style in 1893. In 1956, Pope Pius XII elevated the cathedral’s status to a minor basilica in view of its significance.
64. Sankat Mochan Temple, Varanasi.
Dedicated to Lord Hanuman, this temple is very popular with Banarasis. Located towards the southern ghats and close to Banaras Hindu University, it is a hub of cultural activities in town. This was the epicenter of March 7, 2006 explosions that rocked Varanasi. Bombs went off while the aarti was in progress. But true to its character, Varanasi continues to stand up after every attack on its traditions. Sankat Mochan remains popular as ever. The day following the blasts saw large number of devotees showing up at the temple.
65. Sankat Mochan Temple, Shimla.
Built in 1966, the temple is dedicated to Lord Hanuman and was constructed by Raja Bajrang Bahadur Bhadari, who was the Lieutenant Governor of the state at that time. The temple was constructed according to the wishes of their Guru, Baba Neeb Karori Ji Maharaj, who had visited the spot in the 1950s, and experienced great peace in its surroundings. The temple also has shrines of Lord Rama and Hanuman, Lord Shiva, Baba Neeb Karori Ji Maharaj and Lord Ganesha.
66. Sarnath, Varanasi.
About 13 kilometers (8 miles) north-east of Varanasi lies a quiet, serene place called Sarnath. One of the top four Buddhist pilgrimage destinations in the world, it was here that the Buddha (Enlightened One) gave his first sermon. The others being Lumbini, where he was born, Bodh Gaya, where he attained enlightenment (nirvana), and Kushinagar, where he left his mortal remains.
On attaining enlightenment in Bodh Gaya, Gautama Buddha walked to Sarnath along with disciples who were attracted to him en route. Here at the Deer Park, he delivered his first sermon. Following this, the original Sangha was formed.
67. Se Cathedral, Goa.
Located in Old Goa, about 9 kilometers (6 miles) from Panaji, Se or St. Catherine’s Cathedral is a symbol of wealth, power and fame of the Portuguese who dominated the seas from the Atlantic to Pacific. The cathedral took about eight years to be built and was not consecrated until 1640. Today, it not only stands larger than any church in Portugal, but is also the largest church in Asia and the prestigious seat of archdiocese of Goa. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Se Cathedral is popular with the local Goans and Christians from world over.
68. Shri Sai Baba Samadhi Mandir, Shirdi.
The great Shri Sai Baba Samadhi Mandir is located at the heart of the quaint town of Shirdi..The temple complex highlights the mausoleum of Shri Sai Baba constructed in pure white marble by a wealthy Sai devotee Shreemant Gopalrao Buti from Nagpur in 1917-18. He wished to set up the idol of Muralidhar (a Hindu deity), but legend has it that there came a makeover of Baba on the Muralidhar idol, and thus came to be the samadhi (memorial) of Sai Baba. The temple comprises exquisite silver pillars adorned with elaborate designs.
69. Southern Group of Temples, Khajuraho.
Comprising three temples that stand fairly apart from one another, the Southern Group of temples do not have the sculptural exuberance of the other groups. The most prominent of these is the Duladeva temple with Shiva as the presiding deity. Built in the twelfth century, it bears testimony to the decline of temple architecture in the late Chandela period. Even so the main hall contains some exquisite carving.
The tall Chaturbhuj temple's shikhara is visible from a distance above the surrounding treeline. Built prior to Duladeva in 1100 AD, it bears a distinct resemblance to the Javari temple of the Eastern Group.
70. Sree Meenakshi Temple, Madurai.
Synonymous with the rich cultural and architectural heritage of South India, Sree Meenakshi Temple beckons a traveler to delve deeper into the colorful Hindu mythology. This colossal temple complex forms the lifeline of Madurai city, and gives vent to every human emotion by way of sculptures that make it larger than life. Popular legend has it that Madurai is the actual site of Lord Shiva and Meenakshi’s wedding, and the labyrinthine temple celebrates the love of goddess Meenakshi and her groom Sundereshwar (meaning good looking god or Lord Shiva). With the temple in the center, the ancient city of Madurai fans out like a fully-bloomed lotus.
71. Sri Krishna temple at Ambalapuzha, Alleppey.
Sri Krishna Temple at Ambalapuzha is about 14 kilometers (9 miles) south of Alleppey, and is among Kerala’s famous temples for its typical temple architectural style. Devotees at the temple also look forward to the palpayasam, a sweet pudding made of rice and milk offered to the deity. The Aaraattu celebrations at the temple take place in March - April. The Velakali dance performed by local artists is an important feature of this festival. ‘Pallipana’ another dance form is performed by Velans (sorcerers) once in twelve years at this temple.
72. Sri Parthasarathy Temple, Chennai.
Dating back to the 8th century, Sri Parthasarathy Temple is one of the 108 sacred Vishnu temples, which are popularly known as Divya Desams. Located in the Triplicane area of Chennai, this temple is famed for its depiction of Lord Vishnu in his incarnation of Lord Krishna as Arjuna’s charioteer in the epic Mahabharat.
73. Sri Vithal Temple, Goa.
Sri Vithal Temple is located in Sanquelim on the bank of Valvanta River in Old Goa. Sanquelim is the hometown of the Ranes of Satari who played a pivotal role in Goa’s struggle for freedom. The ancestors of the Rane family who had migrated to Goa from Udaipur some 600 years back, constructed the famous Sri Vithal temple. Though the temple was refurbished in 1942 to incorporate North Indian style of temple architecture, its sanctum-sanctorium was left untouched.
74. St. Andrews Church, Arthinkal, Alleppey.
St. Andrews Church in Arthinkal is about 25 kilometers (16 miles) north of Alleppey town (near Cherthala), set up by the Portuguese missionaries in 1581. The church is one of the oldest in Kerala, but for this great church there is nothing remarkable about the village of Arthinkal. The deity here is that of St. Sebastian, and the church comes under the Latin order. According to legend, in Arthinkal many Christians lived in their traditional way, and were not baptized as there weren’t any church or priest. Later, in 1579 they got permission from the Moothedathu landlords to build a church, and a thatched hut was built with only a cross inside.
75. St. James Church, New Delhi.
St. James is a beautiful church and one of Delhi’s oldest, located at the intersection of Church Road and Lothian Road. Built by Colonel James Skinner in 1836, the church is modeled on the Classical Renaissance style of architecture in a Greek cross design. Though the church bears a close resemblance to the dome of the Florence Cathedral in Italy, its architects Robert Smith and De Bude attempted to recreate the glory of London’s St. Paul’s Cathedral.
76. St. John Church, Nainital.
A weathered church dating back to 1844, St. John in the Wilderness is located in Mallital, the Northern end of Lake Naini. One of the oldest buildings in the region, the church is known for its stained glass windows, and is one of the few remnants of British architectural heritage. The church has a memorial commemorating the victims of the 1880 landslide.
77. St. Mary's Cathedral Church, Madurai.
Located on East Veli Street in Madurai, St. Mary’s Cathedral is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madurai. It is one of the oldest Roman Catholic churches in India, situated about 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) south-east of Madurai Railway Station and 200 meters from the Thirumalai Nayak Palace. Its two elegant Roman style bell towers, about 42-meter-high (140 feet), are visible from a distance. Founded in 1840, the façade of the church is an amalgamation of various forms of European and Continental styles. The church was dedicated to Viagulamatha, originally known as Viagulamatha Koil.
78. Swaminarayan Akshardham Temple, New Delhi.
The magnanimity of the complex is the first thing that strikes you about Swaminarayan Akshardham. Its ornate temple architecture on sandstone is intricate and reflects the essence of India’s ancient traditions and timeless spirituality. The sprawling complex is spread across 30 acres on the banks of Yamuna near Noida Mor in East Delhi. The main monument is an architectural marvel in pink sandstone and white marble, covered with 20,000 sculptures and statues of deities and 234 ornate pillars. The temple is 42-meter-high (141 feet), 95-meter-wide (316 feet) and has eleven 22-meter-high (72 feet) domes and decorative arches. You will notice that the whole monument rises on the backs of 148 elephant sculptures, each sporting a unique posture, and a 3 meter (11 feet) panchdhatu statue surmounting the structure.
79. Tara Devi, Shimla.
Located about 15 kilometers (9.32 miles) from Shimla, the Tara Devi Temple dates back to early 19th century. Rising majestically from the summit of the densely wooded Tarav Parvat, the temple was constructed by Raja Balbir Sen of the Sen Dynasty in 1825. Legand has it that the kind dreamt of goddess Ma Tara who commanded him to build a temple for her on the hilltop of Tarav Parvat. Even today the temple gets hundreds of devotees. The locals say that the descendants of Sen Dynasty continue to patronize this temple, and visit it on the Ashtami of Shardiya Navratras.
80. Thazhathangady Juma Masjid, Kumarakom.
About 16 kilometers (10 miles) from Kumarakom in the town of Kottayam is the 1000-year-old Thazhathangady Juma Masjid, nestled on the banks of Meenachil River. One of the oldest mosques in the country, Thazhathangady Juma Masjid is notable for its magnificent architecture and the richness in wood carvings that adorn the interiors. The mosque is a result of the efforts of the followers of the Islamic Prophet Mohammed during one of their voyages to Kerala.
81. The Church of Holy Spirit in Margao, Goa.
The Church of Holy Spirit, a beautiful white façade built by the Portuguese, stands tall in the old Market square of the buzzing commercial town of Margao in South Goa. Originally built by Jesuit missionaries in 1564, it was destroyed in 1571 only to be rebuilt in 1645. Lauded as one of the finest examples of the Indian baroque style of architecture, the outer façade is brilliantly white-washed with towers on both sides, and a central dome structure. The interior of the church is elaborately carved from floor to ceiling complete with a pipe organ, and heavily embellished altars dedicated to Immaculate Conception of Mary, St. Peter and St. Michael.
82. The Church of St. Alex, Goa.
The Church of St. Alex in Calangute is one of Goa’s oldest churches built in 1597. Overlooking the main road to Mapusa, the church was built on the site of a Hindu shrine called Ravalnath whose remains can still be seen. Located on CHOGM Road, the church is about 9 kilometers (6 miles) from Margao. A visit to this beautiful church can be clubbed with an excursion to Calangute Beach. In fact, the church is accessible from any part of Calangute. On arriving at Calangute Beach, you will see two towers and a magnificent white dome gracing the façade of the Church of St. Alex.
83. Theosophical Society, Chennai.
The Theosophical Society was founded initially in the United States of America as a center for discourses, discussions and enlightenment on various religions and philosophies of the world, with its international headquarters in Chennai. Nestled on the banks of the Adyar River, this sprawling estate houses one of the world's most important Oriental libraries, several shrines and the largest banyan tree in the world (covering 400, 000 square feet).
84. Thirunakkara Mahadeva Temple, Kumarakom.
In the heart of Kottayam town is this beautiful 500-year-old temple dedicated to Lord Shiva built in ethnic Kerala style by the Thekkumkoor Maharaja. While browsing the temple, you will be impressed by the architectural detailing and colorful murals adorning the walls praising the Hindu epics. Built in the 16th century, the Thirunakkara Mahadeva Temple has withstood the ravages of time, especially its Koothambalam, a special building within the temple premises used for cultural purposes - considered one of the best in Kerala. Confirming to the traditional Kerala style of architecture, the temple is a specimen, and is greatly revered by Hindu devotees.
85. Thirunallar Temple, Pondicherry.
About 5 kilometers (3 miles) west of Karaikal in Pondicherry, is the 7th century Thirunallar Temple dedicated Lord Shiva. To arrive at this site, you can take the bus of the route Karaikal-Mayiladuthuraj and Kumbakonam. Shiva is the main deity at this ancient temple, and other shrines include those of Shani dev (the ruler of Saturn), Sri Pranambigai, Sri Thiagarajar and Sri Vinayagar. The temple comes alive with a colorful festival (locally called Shani Peyarchi) each time Saturn moves from one sign of the zodiac to another. The most striking feature of this Saturn temple is that it is the only one where you will find Shani dev to have Abhayahastham.
86. Thirupparamkundram, Madurai.
About 8 kilometers (5 miles) on the outskirts of Madurai city, Thirupparamkundram is an evocative cave temple reminiscent of those of the Pallavas (600-850 AD). Legend has it that local deity Lord Murugan married Deivanai at Thirupparamkundram Murugan Temple which is also the first among the Six Holy Abodes of Murugan. It is much older than the Meenakshi Temple, and has a palpable atmosphere of sacredness. On Fridays, you will see women lighting candles or sitting around the temple floor and creating patterns on the ground using colored powder, ash and flowers, as an offering to goddess Durga.
87. Thousands Light Mosque, Chennai.
A popular pilgrimage site for Shia Muslims, the mosque is believed to have derived its name from the era when a thousand lights were required to light up the assembly hall. While others believe that the Indian National Congress gave the mosque the thousand lights to mark their first visit to the city. Other than a unique name, the mosque has a beautiful medieval style façade with minarets and bulbous domes, and inscriptions from the holy Quran on its walls.
88. Tower of Baba Atal Rai, Amritsar.
This octagonal nine-storied structure is a very popular place for the endearing story of a little child named Atal Rai. Born to Guru Hargobind, the sixth Guru of the Sikhs, in 1619 CE, he was said to have been blessed with supernatural powers.
Even as a little child he was intelligent, lively and deeply religious. He was lovingly addressed as 'Baba'. Whatever he said had some profound meaning. Needless to say his parents and friends adored him. But his father would often tell him not to use his gift in a casual manner.
A sarovar built by father Guru Hargobind was Baba and his group’s favorite haunt.
89. Tulsi Manas Temple, Varanasi.
Tulsi Manas Temple is located next to Durga Temple. Built in 1964 in white marble, its walls are inscribed with verses by the poet Tulsidas. He authored the Ramcharitmanas, the Hindi equivalent of the great Sanskrit epic Ramayana. In keeping with the egalitarian ethos of the epic, entry to this temple is open to one and all.
90. Upasani Maharaj Ashram, Shirdi.
Upasani Maharaj Ashram is located off the Shirdi-Ahmednagar State Highway. Upasani Maharaj was an ardent follower of Shri Sai Baba, and had three spiritual heirs. The samadhi (memorial) of the Maharaj and the samadhi of one of his disciples are placed inside the ashram. You will see people queue up with flowers to pay tribute to the great saint of the 20th century.
91. Valiyapally, Kumarakom.
Valiyapally is the second church in Kottayam dedicated to St. Mary, and is older than Cheriyapally, having been built in 1550. Nestled on the top of a hillock with the Meenachil River at its foot, this ancient Syrian Knanaya Church is among the largest and the oldest in town. Valiyapally is located about 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) northwest of the centre of Kottayam. This is the mother church of most Christians of this area. The church was built by the descendants of Syrian Knanaya Christians, though the history of Kottayam in the early centuries of the Christian era is largely obscure.
92. Varadraja Temple, Pondicherry.
Located west of Gandhi Road, off Tyagaraja Street in Pondicherry, is the Varadaraja Perumal Temple dating back to 600 AD, dedicated to Lord Vishnu in the incarnation of Varadaraja. It is the oldest temple in Pondicherry. At this temple you will come across the idol of Narasimha behind Venkatachalapathy, the main deity. Appreciate the typical Dravidian architecture of the temple complete with a brightly colored ‘gopuram’ and sculpted columns.
93. Vashisht Hot Water Springs And Temple, Manali.
About 3 kilometers from downtown Manali, across the gurgling Beas River, Vashisht is a tiny hamlet with natural sulphur springs. Emanating from the mountains of Vashisht, the sulphur springs gush hot and medicinal, endowed with great healing powers. Above the main square stand two old stone temples dedicated to sage Vashisht and Lord Rama. Legend has it that the great sage had narrated Yoga Vashishta, an ancient scripture to Lord Rama. This, ostensibly, was an extremely profound discourse that offered an insight into the inner world of consciousness. The smaller of the two temples dedicated to Vashisht opens to a partially covered courtyard with an ornamental shrine that has blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke.
94. Villaiayanur, Pondicherry.
About 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) from Pondicherry, Villaiayanur is a quaint town spread over more than 65 square kilometer, famous for the Sri Gokilambal Thirukameshwara Temple. Lauded as one of the finest architectural marvels in Pondicherry, the temple in the months of May-June thronged with devotees for a ten-day annual festival called Brahmothsavam.
95. Western Group of Temples, Khajuraho.
The Chandela Kings constructed 85 temples during their reign. Intricately carved, they depict scenes of every day life such as people performing household chores, hunting in forests, battle scenes, people pursing art, and most famously, the scenes of love making. Since its rediscovery in 1838, Khajuraho's temples have been voted as one of the 1000 artworks to see before you die by London's prestigious Guardian newspaper. And the Western Group of Temples marks the highpoint of the 'Khajuraho Experience'.
This is invariably the starting point for most visitors. The largest of the three groups of temples in Khajuraho, it houses 12 of the 22 surviving temples.
96. Attukal Bhagavathy Temple, Trivandrum.
About 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) from Trivandrum city, Attukal Bhagavathy is an ancient temple dedicated to goddess Attukal worshipped as the Supreme Mother. The Supreme Mother, as the creator of all living beings and the mighty preserver as well as destroyer. Popularly referred to as the ‘Sabarimala for women’, the temple receives tens of thousands of devotees from across the country during the famous ‘Pongala Utsavam’. This beautiful old building is nestled on the banks of the Killi River, and is beautified with carvings of the various manifestations of the goddess as Mahishasuramardini, Kali, Rajeshwari and Parvathi with Lord Paramashiva.
97. Beema Palli, Kovalam.
Some 5 kilometers (3.12 miles) south of Trivandrum city on the coast is this holy site ‘Beema Palli’ famous for its mosque by the same name. This Muslim pilgrimage site is dedicated to Beema Beevi, a pious Muslim lady believed to have possessed divine powers. True to Kerala’s secular nature, the mosque receives more non-Muslim devotees than Muslims. The 10-day-long Chandanakundam festival beginning on the first of Jama dul Akbar (March-April) of the Hijra year brings tens of thousands of pilgrims to the shrine.
98. Bhagsunag Temple and the Bhagsu Falls Day Hike, McLeodganj.
A sharp climb from McLeodganj past small cafes and shops and then through cedar woods leads to this old temple that locals claim has been in existence since the time of the Mahabharata, and the exile of the Pandava brothers. The temple, even if its exact age is open to speculation, is certainly a fairly old one and is dedicated to Shiva and to the local version of the serpent deity, Bhagsu Nag. The temple, in its present form itself owes much to the Gurkhas who had captured Kangra in the early nineteenth century and this was rebuilt by them. A mile or so from Bhagsu village, are the Bhasu falls. The waterfall is about twenty metres high.
99. Chamunda Devi, McLeodganj.
From the enormous religious lore of India, comes the story of the goddess Ambika who was harassed by two demons, Chanda and Munda. Enraged, Ambika knitted her brows and from those folds emerged a terrifying form of the goddess Kali who slew the demons. Pleased, Ambika declared that Kali would now be worshipped as 'Chamunda' – slayer of the demons, Chanda and Munda. In the Kangra area, her shrine is located on the banks of Baner rivulet. Chamunda Devi is said to have the power to grant boons and many come to her for succor. The shrine has a large water tank in which various images of Hindu deities have been placed on pedestals.
100. Chattushringi Temple, Pune.
A 90 feet high and 125 feet wide temple dedicated to the presiding deity of the land, the goddess Chattushringi (or Chaturshringi). Built during the reign of Chhatrapati Shivaji, it is situated on the slopes of a hillock off Senapati Bapat Road, amidst scenic landscapes. Even though it lies amidst swanky offices belonging to various IT companies and other modern commercial structures, the temple has succeeded in retaining its old-world charm and is visited by hordes of devotees especially during the nine-day long navratra festival in September-October.
101. Chinmaya Tapovan and Ghaniara, McLeodganj.
At Sidhbari, on the banks of the rivulet Bindu Saras, Chinmaya Tapovan is an 'ashram' that was established several years ago by the late Swami Chinmayananda, a noted exponent of the ancient Hindu religious text, the Gita. The complex includes a 9 m high image of Lord Hanuman, a magnificent Rama temple, a meditation hall, a school, and a health and recreation centre. A short distance from Chinmaya Tapovan, the village of Ghanhiara is perhaps better known for its quarries of fine slate that have been used as roofing material for ages in the region. Close to the village, there is the temple complex of Shri Aghanjar Mahadev, dedicated to a local manifestation of Lord Shiva.
102. Chitai Temple, Almora.
This is one of the most sought after temples in the region. As one approaches it, the first thing that strikes you is hundreds of bells hanging at the entrance. The legend of Gollu Devta gained momentum during the reign of Chand King who was known for his sense of justice. The ‘devta’ here is that king. People write letters to him, seeking divine justice and thanking him for his wishes.
103. Christ Church, Trivandrum.
Christ Church, Trivandrum is a popular and one of the oldest architectural landmarks in the city. The history of the church goes back to 1817 when divine services for the European residents had begun. During this period services were conducted ones a month by the Military Chaplins of Quilon (Kollam) as per the instructions of the Madras Government. Many years later, in 1837, a Tamil congregation comprising employees of the government printing press and those working in the homes of Europeans living in Trivandrum, was formed under the guidance of Christian David, a clerk in the government press.
104. Church of St John in the Wilderness, McLeodganj.
The Anglican church of St. John in the Wilderness lies between McLeodganj and Forsythganj on the road to Dharamsala. This small dressed-stone church was built in 1852. The interior walls of the church are also of exposed stone whose forbidding appearance is relived by fine stained glass windows, the polished wood of the altar rail, and the brass of the old oil lamps – which have been modified to hold electric lights. The church also has some memorial tablets which tell a story of their own. One large memorial plaque is dedicated to officers who fell in the Mesopotamian, Palestinian and French campaigns during the First World War, and in Baluchistan. On both sides, the church is flanked by a well tended cemetery over the grassy slopes. The most notable memorial and one which adjoins the church, is the elaborate stone memorial that was erected over the body of the British Viceroy, Lord Elgin who died at Dharamsala in 1863.
105. Dehu, Pune.
The nearby villages of Dehu and Alandi act as the congregation of thousands of pilgrims from all across Maharashtra every year. They gather to start what is known as ‘Wari’ – a procession commemorating the religious saint Sant Dnyaneshwar and poet Sant Tukaram who lived in Alandi and Dehu during the 13th and 17th centuries respectively. The procession of ‘palkhis’ (palanquins), after a 300km journey, culminates at Pandharpur – home of the Hindu God, Lord Vitthal.
106. Ganpati festival, Pune.
The chief event of the region – the Ganapati festival – is devoted to Lord Ganesha (the Elephant God) and is celebrated, since 1894, during the months of August-September. The 10-day long ‘Ganesh Chaturthi’ ends with a procession, in which hundreds of Ganesha idols are carried on floats to be immersed in the nearby rivers, thereby bringing the entire city to a standstill.
107. Haripur-Guler, McLeodganj.
Haripur is 55 km from Dharamsala via Ranital. This was the capital of the princely state of Haripur Guler - an offshoot of Kangra. Haripur fort has been ravaged by time and is not as well known or as large as the Kangra fort but it is strategically built. The location is picturesque and the Banganga rivulet gives it natural protection. Inside, there are a few carvings but they are blurred and difficult to reach – though eighteenth century travellers who visited the fort recorded that the Guler palace of Haripur fort had exquisite paintings and carvings. A major school of miniature paintings was also based here. After the construction of the Pong Dam and the flooding of the area by the waters of the Maharana Pratap Sagar, many people in Haripur had their lands submerged. Haripur yet holds several old temples and remarkable city gates with large stone carvings of deities from the Hindu pantheon that testify to a long gone creative impulse.
108. Jageshwar, Almora.
Set deep in the deodar (cedar) woods, Jageshwar is a big draw for many. Nature, religion and culture coalesce here in a heady concoction. As one descends from the high road, the sound of water streaming by and the sight of thick deodar woods fill your senses. Located right next to the river bed under the canopy of towering deodar trees, is a delightful temple complex dedicated to the ‘lord of the mountains’ - Shiva. As one goes temple hopping within the complex, the murmur of water and the swish of wind passing through the deodar needles doubly enrich the experience.
109. Janardhanaswamy Temple, Varkala.
Janardhanaswamy temple is a 2000-year-old Vishnu shrine perched on a steep cliff lining the Arabian Sea in Varkala. The original temple was destroyed by tidal waves only to be rebuilt many years later by a Pandyan king. A fine specimen of traditional South Indian architecture, the temple is a circular building with a red-tiled roof housing the main shrine, and speckled with colorful sculptures of deities from Hindu mythology. Appreciate its typical features such as the circular sanctum sanctorum surmounted by a conical dome of copper sheets, the beautiful wooden carving of navagraha (meaning nine planets) on the ceiling of the square mandapam with quadrangular enclosures around them.
110. Jwalamukhi (Jwalaji), McLeodganj.
Jwalaji is revered as one of Hinduism's 'shaktipeeths'. Legend has it that the tongue of Sati - another name for Parvati, the divine consort of Lord Shiva - fell at this spot. The goddess is manifest as tiny blue flames that burn through rock fissures. It is said that a cowherd first saw the flames and worship began. The first structure at Jwalamukhi (Jwalaji) is surmised to have been built in the seventh century. Later years witnessed the addition of a gilded dome; a gold parasol is believed to have been presented by the Mughal emperor, Akbar which then debased itself into iron! The complex also holds the Devi's 'bedchamber'. Just above the temple is the shrine of Baba Gorakhnath.
111. Kaduvayil Thangal Dargah, Varkala.
The frequency of visitors at the Kaduvayil Thangal Dargah on the National Highway 47 establishes that there is more to Varkala than just pristine beaches and luscious environs. Many spiritually-inclined tourists also make a beeline for Varkala, courtesy the Sivagiri Mutt and this little mausoleum of a Sufi saint on the highway between Kallambalam and Attingal. Locals and tourists from across the country irrespective of their religion visit the dargah to seek the blessings of Kaduvayil Thangal, a revered Muslim saint.
112. Kalimath, Almora.
Kalimath is strategically located in the sense that it on the one hand offers commanding views of the snowline and on the other picturesque views of Almora town. Located 5-odd kilometers (3.12 miles) from Almora, it also houses a temple dedicated to Goddess Kali. The area around Kalimath is very popular with foreigners.
113. Kasar Devi Temple, Almora.
Set in a pine forest, it stands at a height of 5, 742 feet (1723 meters) above sea level. Its antiquity can be gauged by the fact that it finds a mention in the Skanda Purana. It is today a pilgrimage site, and gained in recognition after Swami Vivekananda meditated here in 1820. Inscriptions found on a stone boulder point towards a king named Rudrak as the builder of this temple. Like many places around Almora, it offers beautiful views of the snowline.
114. Katarmal Sun Temple, Almora.
This is a remote temple complex. For a start there’s no road route. Transport is available till Kosi river. The next 2 kilometer stretch has to be done on foot, a trek if you like. There it stands in splendid isolation amidst thick deodar trees. At 2116 meters (7053 feet) above sea level, it is offers a great experience for those looking for some quiet and adventure. It is a big hit with foreigners who visit the Almora region.
This Sun Temple was built by a Katyuri Dynasty King named Katarmalla. This dynasty preceded the rule of the Chands, and ruled over large parts of present day Uttarakhand and western Nepal. A medieval construction, it came up in the 9th century.
115. Kulathupuzha Temple, Trivandrum.
Shrouded by dense jungles, the Kulathupuzha Temple is nestled in a forest range on the Trivandrum-Shenkotta Road, with the Kulathupuzha River flowing beside it. The temple is thronged by devotees during the Vishnu Mahotsavam celebrated in April/May with great ceremony. The deity worshipped here is Sastha, more commonly known as Lord Ayyappa. Lord Ayyappa is greatly adored by the Keralites.
116. Nanda Devi Temple, Almora.
Nanda Devi Temple located in the heart of Almora becomes the focal point during Nanda Devi Mahotsav. Every September, Almora, an otherwise peaceful place, metamorphoses into a bustling town visited by close to 25,000 devotees. 'Nanda' - the daughter of the Himalayas is believed to be the family goddess of the Chand dynasty. This tradition was initiated by King Dyot Chanda in 17th century with the construction of this temple.
117. Ohel David Synagogue or 'Red Temple', Pune.
Built during the mid 1860s, this striking piece of Victorian architecture is locally referred to as 'Lal Deval' (Red Temple), as a reference to the constituent red bricks.
118. Padmanabha Swamy Temple, Trivandrum.
An iconic landmark in Kerala’s capital city Trivandrum, the ancient Padmanabha Swamy Temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu – the preserver according to Hindu mythology – is a fantastic blend of Kerala/Dravidian architecture and folklore. This legendary 17th century temple is located near the bus station at the East Fort in Trivandrum. From the railway station in East Fort, the site is at a walkable distance. An impressive amalgamation of Kerala and Dravidian styles, the temple stands out for its ornate seven-storey gopuram (tower) about 35-meter-high (117 feet) at the main entrance. Enter the courtyard, and you will see a flagstaff encased in gold, rich with murals and carvings.
119. Papanasam Beach, Varkala.
Papanasam (meaning redemption from sin) is a secluded 500-meter stretch of white sand between the steep red cliffs covered with coconut palms and the azure Arabian Sea. This is one of the main beaches of Varkala, and a deeply revered Hindu pilgrimage site. Locals believe that a dip in the holy waters of this beach washes away all sins and thereby purifies the body and spirit - hence the name. The sunsets here are truly glorious. Spend the evening lounging on the beach and watch the massive red orb slip into the sea leaving behind a tinge of orange in the sky.
120. Parvati Temples, Pune.
At 2100 feet above sea-level, the Parvati temples are located at the highest point of Pune and houses one big temple and three smaller ones dedicated to Lord Devadeshwar, goddess Parvati, Vishnu, Ganesha and Kartikeya respectively. Dating back to the 18th century, the temples are visited on a daily basis by Pune-ites to escape from the city’s hustle bustle, offer their devotion to the deities and relax while observing a panoramic view of Pune. An adjoining museum contains artifacts belonging to the Peshwa rulers. The samadhi (memorial) of Nanasaheb Peshwa, who built the main temple, is located near the museum.
121. Pataleshwar Cave Temple, Pune.
Even though it never attained its final form, the unfinished Pataleshwar Cave Temple at Jungli Maharaj Road, which is carved out of a single boulder, is an exemplary specimen of Rashtrakuta design. Dating back to 700-800AD, the temple, with its seating areas, rooms, carvings and pillars, bears an uncanny resemblance to similar rock structures of the Elephanta caves. Dedicated to Shiva, Lord of the Netherworld, it derives the other half of its name from a nearby cave. Within the premises, there is a shrine in honor of Shiva’s bull Nandi, as well as idols of Sita, Rama and Laxman.
122. Saras Baugh, Pune.
A magnificent garden, formed out of a dried up lake, with sparkling fountains and sprawling lawns. It houses a renowned temple dedicated to Shree Siddhivinayak (God who grant all wishes) Lord Ganesha, perched on top of a hillock.
123. Shindyanchi Chhatri, Pune.
A cenotaph built in the memory of Mahadji Scindia, who, for two long decades, 1760 onwards, served as the commander-in-chief of the Marathas, under the Peshwas. The premises also constitutes a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, which was constructed under the supervision of Mahadji himself in 1794, the year he passed away. In 1965, the late Madhavrao Scindia, a popular minister of the Congress Party and a descendant of Mahadji, commissioned the construction of a shrine and the entire temple complex in the memory of his ancestor. Currently, the Scindhia Devasthan Trust of Gwalior is responsible for maintenance of the Chhatri.
124. Shri Dharmasastha Temple, Kovalam.
The Dharmasastha Temple close to the Kovalam Beach is a popular pilgrimage centre in Kerala. Devotees throng the temple during the annual festival celebrated with great ceremony in January. The shrine is however open on Fridays and on the Aayilyam days of Malayalam calendar.
125. Sivagiri Mutt, Varkala.
Amid tall palm groves and neatly tended lawns nestles the architectural Sivagiri Mutt atop a steep cliff – Sivagiri hill - soaring over the bright blue sea of Varkala. This deeply revered pilgrimage centre of the Keralites is about 3 kilometers (1.87 miles) from the iconic Janardhana Swamy temple. Built in 1904 the Sivagiri Mutt is the headquarter of Sree Narayana Dharma Sangham Trust founded by the renowned spiritual leader and social reformer Sree Narayana Guru (1856 – 1928). Today the mutt is home to the memorial of the great philosopher and receives throngs of believers from across Kerala and outside during the annual festival (30th December to 1st January).
126. St Oswald's Church and St. Andrew's Church, Dalhousie.
St. Oswald’s Church is in the cantonment of Bakloh. The troops were Gurkhas, but the ten officers were British Christians. A cemetery was also established in 1872. The Chaplain of Dalhousie was directed to visit Bakloh on a Sunday once in six weeks and later, six times a year. The Archdeacon regularly visited Bakloh when he came to Dalhousie from Calcutta, or Lahore and a Military Church was built in 1893. The other cantonment in Dalhousie’s wings is the one at Balun; this has St. Andrew’s Church built by the Presbyterians who obtained a good site on the main road. The Centenary Service of St. Andrew’s Church was held on 30 November 2003.
127. St. John's Church and St. Francis' Church, Dalhousie.
The oldest record book of St. John’s Church dates back to 1863 though the church was not finished till 1882. This is the oldest church in Dalhousie and replaced an old wooden one. St. John’s is located at Gandhi Chowk. High stone revetments and a narrow path do not reveal much of St. Francis' church, the Catholic Church, from the road below. It is only when you reach the top, that the structure and the flattened hilltop are revealed. The church, which lies just above Subash Chowk dates back to 1894 and was built by contributions. The dressed-stone, dark woodwork and stained glass windows are finely done.
128. Thekchen Choling Complex or Dalai Lama Temple, McLeodganj.
The Namgyal Monastery is named after the original Namgyal monastery in Lhasa, Tibet. This is where novice monks are trained under the guidance of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. The monastery has nearly two hundred monks and the younger ones study the major texts of the Buddhist Sutras and Tantras. The Tsuglakhang is the main hall where prayers are conducted. This is encircled by large prayer wheels. Within are larger than life images of Shakyamuni Buddha, Avalokiteshwara and Padmasambhava. Just off this, is the Kalachakra Temple whose architecture and murals serve as a representation of Tibet's rich spiritual and artistic tradition. The residence of His Holiness the Dalai Lama is also located here.
129. Vettucaud Church, Trivandrum.
Vettucaud Palli (Malayalam for church) is located about 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) from Trivandrum city centre in a pretty coastal village by the same name. Legend has it that the church was established by St. Francis Xavier, the Jesuit missionary who came to India to spread the gospel. The church receives devotees in thousands during the annual ‘Feast of Christ, the King’ – a ten-day feast celebrated during the third Sunday of November. At this time of the year, the church bustles with activity. School and college students from across Kerala partake in choir music and chant prayers at the ceremony.
130. Manikaran, Manali.
Just 85 kilometers (52.81 miles) from the picturesque town of Manali rests one of the most sacred places for Hindus and Sikhs alike. Situated at a lofty altitude of about 1760 meters (5774 feet) in the Parvati Valley between the rivers Beas and Parvati is Manikaran, a place that’s best known for its hot thermal springs, which pilgrims believe to be laden with healing properties. Conflicts of opinions about the existence of minerals like sulfur and iron or radioactivity, for that matter, still looms at large even as the Gurudwara Manikaran Sahib obliges visitors with rice, dal (pulses) and vegetables cooked in this very hot water for langar (community meal) everyday. A day’s excursion to Manikaran is a must for people visiting Manali or Kullu as the sheer tranquility and spiritual ambience of the place will seep in to soothe your senses in a rather remarkable way.
131. A day trip to Kumbakonam, Thanjavur.
The ancient temple town of Kumbakonam makes for a great day trip from Thanjavur, about 40 kilometer (25 miles) away. Kumbakonam receives a huge influx of Hindu pilgrims from across the country, particularly South India. A lot of visitors come here only for the Mahamaham festival celebrated with great pomp every 12 years in the month of Masi (February-March) at the Mahamaham tank in the city. Devotees by the thousands take to the streets, and head for a holy dip in the Mahamaham tank. You can’t miss the frenzy at this time of the year.
132. Aalangudi Temple, Thanjavur.
Steeped in mythology and folklore, the Aalangudi temple in the Thanjavur district is dedicated to Lord Guru. Legend has it that Lord Shiva consumed poison ‘Alavisham’ at this site, and hence the name ‘Aalangudi’. Here the presiding deity faces the south as he is believed to be the Lord of Dhanusu and Meena Rashi. Locals throng the shrine on Thursdays to have a puja performed. It is considered auspicious to offer prayers at the temple on this day.
133. Adam's Bridge, Rameshwaram.
The blurry land trail tracing its way across the ocean from Rameshwaram to northwestern Sri Lanka is well brought out in the satellite images by NASA in 2002. In addition to this, there are several equally illustrative aerial images of the mythical Ram Setu (aka Adam’s Bridge) - a strip of land straddling the ocean that connects the island of Rameshwaram with Mannar in Sri Lanka. The origin of this geological formation – as the scientists call it – takes root in Hindu mythology which draws inference to an episode from the great Sanskrit epic, Ramayana.
134. Agnitheertham, Rameshwaram.
About 100 meters from the famed Ramanatha Swamy temple is the spot where Lord Rama worshipped Lord Shiva to absolve himself for killing demon king, Ravana. You will spot ardent Shiva devotees taking a holy dip here, believed to wash away one’s sins.
135. Baba Dhansar Mandir, Katra.
Located 11 kilometers (6.8 miles) from Katra, on the Katra-Resai road is the idyllic Baba Dhansar Mandir. A small temple, it is about a kilometer’s walk from the main highway, a trip that is well rewarded by the beautiful view of cool water gushing down from the mountains before it settles into a tranquil pond. The quaint temple and the scenic natural surroundings combine to offer spiritual peace and calm amidst idyllic hills.
136. Babulnath Temple, Mumbai.
From Marine Drive as one heads towards Walkeshwar, the turn right leads to one of Mumbai’s most revered religious places. Serenity is all pervasive at Babulnath Temple, reminding many of Shiva’s repose in Himalayas. A steep flight of stairs leads one to the temple atop a hill. Up there it seems like an island of peace and quiet in a city renounced for its buzz. Located nearly 1000 feet above sea level and within a stone’s throw from the bay, this temple was originally built 1780. In 1900, a tall spire was added to the temple complex of Lord Shiva. A stone Lingam is the focus of prayers at Babulnath.
137. Bagh-e-Bahu and Bawey Wali Mata Temple , Jammu.
With extensive gardens, the Bagh-e-Bahu has been developed around the ramparts of the ancient Bahu fort and is a popular excursion and picnic spot for both the local people and for visitors. The Bahu fort is about five kilometers from the city and lies on a high rock bank close to the river Tawi. It is believed that the original fortifications were erected by Bahu some 3,000 years ago. Along slopes that lie below the fort, the gardens have been created on terraces with large water-bodies interspersed with fountains. The latest addition to the Bagh-e-Bahu is an awareness center and aquarium. Within the fort, there is the ancient dedicated to the goddess Kali locally called ‘Bawey Wali Mata’.
138. Banganga, Mumbai.
Banganga is a paradox at two levels. Firstly, there’s a fresh water pond barely a hundred meters from the Arabian Sea. And secondly, there's a traditional community living by a temple pond hemmed in by high rises in one Mumbai poshest localities. Sitting on the pond steps with the gentle sound of sea waves in the backdrop is an experience to cherish.
As you leave Marine Drive a little beyond Chowpatty beach, a gentle climb leads towards Walkeshwar. You cross the bungalows of Malabar Hill and start descending towards Land’s End. Suddenly in the middle of unbridled modernization you hit up on a charming community village living around a tank. The history of the place is shrouded in facts and mythology.
139. Brihadeeswara Temple, Thanjavur.
Regarded as ‘the temple of temples’, the Brihadeeswara temple or Rajarajesvaram in the Thanjavur district, is not just an expression of artistic brilliance, but also a way of life. This Dravidian architectural marvel was conceived during the heyday of Chola rule around the turn of the first millennium AD by the great Rajaraja Chola I. A great patron of art, most magnificent of temples across South India and exquisite bronze icons came up during his reign. Brihadeeswara temple for centuries has attracted fascinated artists, curious historians, sociologists, and travelers who delight in its wealth of sculptures, beautiful calligraphy, frescoes, and over a hundred inscriptions engraved on the walls.
140. Bull Temple, Bangalore.
The area around this temple has been named after the Bull temple (Basavanagudi, meaning Temple of the Bull). Dedicated to Nandi, the mount of Lord Shiva, the Bull temple located within Bugle Rock park is said to be the biggest temple to Nandi in the world. Nandi faces the temple and there are also sculptures of Surya and Chandra on their horse-drawn chariots. The majestic monolithic structure of Nandi, over 15-foot tall and 20-foot long, has a rather interesting legend behind it. Apparently, the area surrounding the temple was an expanse of groundnut fields.
141. Chandra Bhagwan Temple, Thanjavur.
Chandra Bhagwan or Moon temple is located on the Thiruvaiyaru-Kumbakonam route, about 25 kilometer (15.6 miles) north of Thanjavur. It is among the prominent navagraha (nine-planet) temples in and around the temple city of Thanjavur. Legend has it that at this shrine, Chandran (Moon) worshipped Lord Shiva and received his blessings. The temple is popularly visited by those who have a weak moon position in their horoscope.
142. Christ Church, Kasauli.
Held high by stone revetments and shaded by cedars and huge horse-chestnut trees, at Kasauli’s main crossroads stands Christ Church. This stately nineteenth century structure was church of the Anglican Communion and is now under the Church of North India. This has a cruciform floor plan and the stained glass windows over the altar depict the Crucifixion where the image of Christ is flanked by those of Joseph and Mary. This was opened for divine service on 24 July 1853 by the Chaplain Thomas John Edward Steel M.A., St. John’s College, Cambridge at Evensong. The church was consecrated on 8 January 1857 by Authority of the Bishop of Calcutta. There are several memorial plaques in the church.
143. Dargah Hazarath Tawakkal Mastan, Bangalore.
The Dargah Hazarath Tawakkal Mastan in Cottonpet, Bangalore, reflects Bangalore’s secularism by attracting both Hindus and Muslims. Bollywood biggie Amitabh Bachchan came here after surviving an accident during the making of Coolie, music whiz A R Rahman is a regular visitor and so are the family of late Kannada film actor Raj Kumar. Haider Ali initiated work on the dargah in 1777, which was completed in 1783 by Tipu Sultan. The shrine is dedicated to Sufi Saint Hazrat Tawakkal Mastan Baba.
144. Dharmaraja Temple, Bangalore.
The Dharmaraja Temple in Nazarethpet is among the earliest examples of monolithic temples carved out of rock. It is dedicated to Yudhisthira (also known as Dharmaraja), the eldest Pandava from the Mahabharata. The other revered idol here is that of Lord Krishna. The five Rathas at the temple are dedicated to Dharmaraja, Bhima, Arjuna, Draupadi and Sahadeva. Situated around 200-meter south of the main hill, they were fashioned out of a smaller hill sloping south. The one dedicated to Dharmaraja was formed of the largest one and is Lord Shiva’s chariot.
145. Elephanta Caves, Mumbai.
Mumbai is often perceived as a city that lives for the present. But the one city attraction that unequivocally takes you back in time is the Elephanta Caves. To a get a flavor of Mumbai's early history, hop on to a ferry at Gateway of India heading towards Elephanta Island. The hour long ride will drop you at the doorsteps of the UNESCO World Heritage Site (1987).
As one enters through the main northern entrance, a massive hall housing the stunning Trimurti statue stops you in your track. At 21 feet (6.3meters), the sculpture portrays the serene Maheshamurti (the protector) in the centre, Bhairdeva (the destroyer) to the left and Vamadeva (the creator) to the right. The fourth face is meant to be assumed, merged as it is into the rock. Western writers and sculptors such as Andre Malraux and Auguste Rodin had been struck dumb by the sheer spectacle of Sadashiva (‘Eternal Shiva'), a full-relief bust showing three faces of Lord Shiva. Left of this statue is Shiva as Ardhanarishvara (half male and half female) symbolizing the unity of opposites. There were many more statues that were damaged or destroyed by the Portuguese., who rather unfortunately used the statues for target practice.
146. Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple, Bangalore.
Gavi Gangadhareshwara Temple or the cave temple has actually been carved out of a natural monolith rock formation on Bull Temple Road. Dating back to the 9th century, the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, and has four monolithic pillars and a rare depiction of Agni, the God of Fire with two heads, seven hands and three legs. Locals believe that worshipping this deity cures one of all eye ailments. In Hindu mythology, Gavi Gangadhareshwara Guhe was earlier known as Gowthama Kshethra since Sage Gowthama is said to have performed penance here.
147. Grand Anicut (Kallanai), Tiruchirappalli.
Locally called Kallanai, the Grand Anicut dam was built on the Cauvery River in the 2nd century by Chola king, Karikalan. This massive structure was later reinforced by the British. Grand Anicut is believed to be one of the oldest water-diversion structures in the world that continues to be functional. Slicing through the Erode and Salem districts, the Cauvery River proceeds to join the Bhavani River in the town of Bhavani, home to the Sangameswarar temple. It is an important pilgrimage site at the confluence of two rivers. At Trichy, the Cauvery River gushes past the historic Rock and cuts a tributary at the Srirangam island.
148. Gunaseelam Vishnu Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
Gunaseelam is a popular Vaishnavite shrine on the northern shore of River Cauvery, on the Trichy-Salem route, about 24 kilometers (15 miles) from main city. In fact, it is one of the oldest Vishnu temples in South India, and holds the same stature as the Tirupathi Balaji shrine. Set among emerald paddy fields dotted with coconut palms, Gunaseelam Vishnu Temple is a place where mentally ill people are cured. Locals strongly believe that the presiding deity, Lord Prasanna Venkatachalapathi, has powers to cure those suffering from mental illness or any other malady.
149. Haji Ali Dargah and Mosque , Mumbai.
Located on a tiny islet along the coast of Worli, Haji Ali dargah (tomb) is one of the city’s landmarks. Driving down from Worli, the sight of a dargah, in the waters of the Arabian Sea, is one for sore eyes. Connected to the city’s mainland at Mahalakshmi by a long, narrow causeway, the dargah remains out of bounds during high tide. On such occasions it looks like a tiny island. Visitors can thus go to the dargah only during low tide. The walk on the causeway, with the sea on either side, is one of the highlights of a visit to the shrine. Many films have been shot here for the dramatic backdrop it offers. The setting is so picturesque that whether or no you are spiritually inclined, the all pervasive serenity of the place will leave a lasting impression.
150. Infant Jesus Church, Bangalore.
Bangaloreans are fervent believers in the Infant Jesus, and this goes beyond any one religion. Hence, it was only appropriate when the city got a spanking new Infant Jesus Church in 2005. The old shrine was demolished to make room for a bigger, modern church that could accommodate 2,500 people, complete with car park and sundry. It is designed in such a way that you can see the altar no matter where you are – inside the church or outside. The hall is fan-shaped with nine faces and openings around the church.
151. Iskcon Temple, Bangalore.
Iskcon temple or the Sri Radha Krishna temple stands on a seven-acre hillock, and is an unusual combination of glass and gopurams (spires which often serve as an entrance), technology and spirituality, peace and bustle. Situated on West of Chord Road, the temple was built to promote vedic culture and spiritual learning, and is popular among locals and tourists – from India and abroad. This colossal shrine, said to have the largest temple complex in the Iskcon world, was built to commemorate the birthday of its founder, Sri Prabhupada. It was inaugurated in May 1997.
152. Jumma Masjid, Bangalore.
The Jumma Masjid in K R Market is probably the city’s oldest mosque, believed to have been built in 1790. Dedicated to Tipu Sultan, it is an imposing five-storeyed structure that can accommodate up to 10,000 worshippers. The mosque is said to have been designed by Rayyaz Asifuddin from Hyderabad and the white marble is said to have come from Rajasthan. The architectural features of the mosque include the tall ornamented granite pillars adorning the elevated prayer hall, the balconies embellished with jaali work (latticed screens) and floral motifs.
153. Jwaladevi Temple, Mussoorie.
Benog Hill is about 9-kilometer (5.6 miles) from Mussoorie at an altitude of more than 2100-meter. The area is covered with thick forests of pine, and deodar. Vehicles go up to Cloud’s End, from where it is a short trek uphill to the Jwaladevi Temple. The temple is also called Benog Hill temple after the hill on which it is nestled. Jwaladevi temple is dedicated to Goddess Durga and houses her stone idol. Besides devotees, the shrine also receives nature lovers for its verdant setting. You can view the majestic Shiwalik range on one side, and the lush Yamuna Valley on the other.
154. Kothandaraswamy Temple, Rameshwaram.
About 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) from main Rameshwaram town, is the legendary Kothandaraswamy temple, one of the few structures to have miraculously survived the great cyclone of 1964. Dedicated to Lord Rama, his wife Sita, brother Lakshman, Hanuman (the monkey god), and Vibhishan (brother of demon king Ravana), the shrine receives droves of pilgrims mostly from South India. Legend has it that Vibhishan, Ravana’s brother, shifted his loyalty at this site, and urged Lord Rama to let him be a part of his army. Many years later a temple was built here to commemorate this historical episode in Ramayana.
155. Krimchi, Jammu.
The village of Krimchi is a cluster of tiny hamlets that lie off National Highway 1-A. The turnoff is eight kilometers short of the town of Udhampur and Krimchi lies another twenty kilometers ahead. This has some of the oldest temples in the Jammu region which are dated back to the eighth or ninth century. The stone temples stand in a row facing east and a narrow stream called the Birunala flows close by. The main temple stands some fifty feet high, while one of the temples is in a state of disrepair. Among the pieces of fine sculpture that have been retrieved from the rubble are images of Shiva and his consort Parvati, as well as the Shiva-‘trimurti’. Excavations at the site have revealed terracotta items and coins.
156. Kudumiyanmalai, Tiruchirappalli.
Kudumiyanmalai temple is an architectural find, some 50 kilometers (31.25 miles) from Trichy. A route lined with lush cashew trees brings you to Kudumiyanmalai, where you will be faced with a rocky spur on whose lap the temple nestles. It is an ancient Shiva temple with some curious inscriptions and beautiful sculptures, currently under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Lord Shikhagirishwarar and Goddess Akhilandeshwari are the presiding deities here. Before getting on with the architectural features of the temple, take a closer look at the gopuram (spire). The sculptural work on it is extremely minute and rich.
157. Kumari Amman (Kanyakumari Temple), Kanyakumari.
The bustling beach town is named after this temple dedicated to Kumari Amman or Kanyakumari. Sprawled regally on the coast overlooking the sea is the 3000-year-old abode of Devi Kanyakumari, the virgin goddess, who according to legend guards the shore. An important pilgrimage point in South India, the Pandiyans commissioned the building of the shrine in honor of the goddess in the 8th century. There was subsequent revamping by the Chola and Nayak dynasties. Kumari Amman stands in the centre of the town adjacent to the beach; stroll along the town’s main street past colorful bazaars to get to the site.
158. Lord Murugan Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
Lord Murugan temple was built in Vayaloor 1200 years ago during the reign of the Cholas. Here the main shine is that of Lord Murugan which is placed behind the Moolavar Shiva Sannithy. The Lord Nataraja (the dancing form of Lord Shiva) idol here with both legs touching the ground, is quite fascinating. It is probably the only temple anywhere to have such a depiction of Lord Nataraja. About 9 kilometers (5.6 miles) west of Trichy, this ancient temple in Vayaloor nestles amid green fields dotted with coconut palms, and dissected by streams.
159. Mahabodhi Temple, Bangalore.
The Mahabodhi Society, a charitable organization, was established in 1956 by the most venerable Acharya Buddharakkhita to revive Buddha’s teachings in the land where he was born. As a result, the temple is a place for worship and meditation and a repository of Buddhist knowledge. The temple’s spacious shrine hall with a large statue of Buddha was donated by the Thai royals. On its walls are 24 beautiful paintings, each depicting a significant occasion in the Buddha’s life. This is where observances, discourses and meditation practices are conducted. The temple also has a community hall for social and cultural events.
160. Mantalai, Katra.
A small historical town in Jammu, Mantalai seems like any other mountainous hamlet - a picturesque settlement of peaceful people. But it holds great historical and religious significance. In Hindu mythology, Mantalai is important for its role in the lore of Lord Shiva. Followers of the God believe Mantalai to be the town where the union on Lord Shiva and his wife Goddess Parvati took place.
161. Mariamman Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
About 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) north of the Trichy central bus terminus on the Trichy-Chennai NH 45, the Samayapuram Mariamman temple is one of South India’s most popularly visited shrines. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Mariamman, a manifestation of the goddess of shakti (power), associated with health and prosperity. In the early days, Samayapuram was a local capital of the Vijayanagara kingdom in the vicinity of Tiruchirappalli. The locals are a staunch believer of Goddess Mariamman, believed to possess powers to cure Small Pox and Chicken Pox among other maladies.
162. Mumbadevi Temple, Mumbai.
Mumbadevi is the patron goddess of Mumbai. Originally the deity of the agri (salt collectors’ community) and kolis (fishing community), the original inhabitants of the seven islands that went on to become Mumbai; she is now revered by Mumbaikars at large. Mumbadevi is a Shakti peeth. The original temple was supposed to have been built in 1675 near Victoria Terminus or Bori Bunder by a Hindu woman also named Mumba (like the goddess). But this temple was demolished and a new temple was rebuilt near Bhuleshwar in 1737. Presently it is bang in the heart of Zaveri Bazaar, famous for its gold and silver jewellery market. She is worshipped by people of all communities. The temple towers over shops with its signature orange flag fluttering atop.
163. Nagaraja Temple, Nagerkoil, Kanyakumari.
Nagerkoil is a little town close to Kanyakumari, about 19 kilometers (12 miles) away, famed for the Nagaraja Temple dedicated to serpent god, Nagaraja. To get to Nagerkoil you can take a state bus from Kanyakumari offering frequent services. Nagaraja temple was originally a Dravidian Tamil Jain temple dedicated built to pay tribute to Lord Parsvanath. Legend has it that many years later the Hindus took over and converted it into a temple to mythological god Nagaraja. Incidentally the symbol of Lord Parsvanath is snake. And the locally found Nagalinga flower is also symbolic of Lord Nagaraja.
164. Nambu Nayagiamman Temple, Rameshwaram.
About 8 kilometers (5 miles) from the main Ramanatha Swamy shrine, on the way to Dhanushkodi is the 14th century Nambu Nayagiamman temple tucked away in the Ramnad district. The temple is believed to be built by the locals of Ramnad, out of love and respect for Lord Rama. As you approach the shrine, the synchronized chiming of bells will catch your ears. Gigantic bells dangle from the temple entrance, and a lovely garden spreads out around it.
165. Narthamalai, Tiruchirappalli.
Narthamalai constitutes a spine of low hills with a quaint hamlet at the foothills, on the Pudukkottai-Tiruchirappalli route, about 18 kilometers (11 miles) northwest of Pudukkottai. But, Narthamalai captivates because it is home to some of the oldest structural stone temples built by the Mutharaiyars and the Cholas. Most popular one of the lot is the Vijayalayacholeswara temple from the 9th century built by the Chola king after whom it is named. Vijayalaya Chola was the first king of the Medieval Chola or Imperial Chola dynasty. Before them, the region was ruled by the Pallava kings.
166. Our Lady of Sorrows Church, Thanjavur.
Located on Pookara Street, Our Lady of Sorrows is possibly the oldest church in the Thanjavur district. The locals fondly call it Viagula Madha Church. As per historical records, the church has been in existence on Pookara Street several years before the time of Veramamunivar in 1740 AD. He is believed to have played a pivotal role in the development of Tamil language. The great Maratha king, Serfoji (1798-1832 AD) had contributed immensely towards the construction of the church, by allocating land and donating money. He even helped several other churches come up in Thanjavur.
167. Pir Khoh, Jammu.
The cave shrine of Peer Kho ( Khoh) is located by the river bank of the Tawi along a rock face on the Circular Road. A local belief is that the deity and character of the Ramayana, Jambavanta meditated in this cave. The shrine has a large naturally formed lingam, the embodiment of Bhagwan Shiva. There is no known history of how this came to be enshrined in the cave but it has considerable veneration. One of the stories of the cavern is that it leads to other cave shrines in the country and some state that its unexplored recesses even lead out of India!
168. Poondi Madha Basilica, Tiruchirappalli.
About 25 kilometers (15.6 miles) from Trichy junction and 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) from the Grand Anicut dam, Poondi Madha Basilica is one of the famous churches in Tamil Nadu. It is tucked away in a tiny hamlet called Alamelupuram Poondi to whose south and north the Cauvery and its tributary slice through. This grand white church was built in the first half of the 18th century by an Italian Jesuit missionary, Reverend Father Constantine Joseph Beschi, and named it the Church of Mary Queen of Immaculate Conception.
169. Raghunath Temple, Jammu.
In terms of the size, the largest temple complex in Jammu is the Raghunath Mandir. This has twenty-one lofty vimanas that create a spectacular undulation of marble and gold-leaf against the skyline. Set in the heart of the city, work on this temple began at the instance of Maharaja Gulab Singh in 1835 and was completed by Maharaja Ranbir Singh in 1860. The Dogra rulers of Jammu regarded themselves as Suryavanshi Rajputs and claimed descent from the sun. They dedicated this temple to Bhagwan Rama and his life-sized statue in the main temple, is flanked by those his wife Sita and brother, Laxman. Three walls of this shrine are covered in gold plate. The Raghunath temple complex has several other temples surrounding the main one and these are dedicated to the myriad deities of the Hindu pantheon and encompass all those who were associated with the epic, Ramayana. Other shrines are dedicated to the various avatars, incarnations of Bhagwan Vishnu, Bhagwan Shiva and to Surya Dev, the Sun God.
170. Ramanatha Swamy Temple, Rameshwaram.
A brief stroll on the soft sands of Rameshwaram along the blue Bay of Bengal brings you to the ancient Ramanatha Swamy Temple steeped in mythology. A paradigm of Dravidian architecture, this temple will be the highpoint of your trip to Rameshwaram. Hindu mythology has it that at this site Lord Rama worshipped Lord Shiva to absolve from any sin he may have committed during his war against the demon king, Ravana. Ramanatha Swamy temple is an important pilgrimage centre of the Hindus, also because it is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas – holy abode of Lord Shiva.
171. Ramjharoka Temple on Gandhamadana Parvatam, Rameshwaram.
Gandhamadana Parvatam is the highest point in Rameshwaram, some 5 kilometers (3.12 miles) from the main town. Nestled on its pinnacle, the Ramjharoka temple houses the footprints of Lord Rama on a chakra (wheel). The place offers glorious views of the blue ocean below. You will also be able to view the iconic Ramanatha Swamy temple on the bank among many smaller temples speckled evenly across the island town. Ramjharoka is a significant pilgrimage point in Rameshwaram after Ramanatha Swamy temple.
172. Ranbireshwar Temple, Jammu.
Along the curves of the Shalimar (locally often pronounced Shalamar) Road as it swings around to the new Secretariat of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir, the tall well proportioned spires of the Ranbireshwara temple are visible. Past the gates and wall, the temple stands before a courtyard. This is one of the most venerated of the shrines dedicated to Bhagwan Shiva in the Jammu area and is one of the larger Shiva temples of north India. The temple was built by Maharaja Ranbir Singh (1857 to 1885) in 1883. The Ranbireshwara Temple has a large black stone ‘shivalinga’ that measures seven and half feet. Around this are another dozen lingams of crystal whose height varies between fifteen and thirty-eight centimeters.
173. Ranganathaswamy Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
Ranganathaswamy temple is a massive temple complex dedicated to Lord Vishnu, on Srirangam island, about 6 kilometers (3.75 miles) north of Trichy. It is considered the most important among the 108 Divya Desams (meaning holy abodes) of Lord Vishnu. In the middle of River Cauvery, the 156 acre spread of the temple lies shrouded among dense coconut groves. A bridge connects this island with the mainland. The shrine is enclosed by seven rectangular walled courtyards, walling in 21 architectural gopurams (spires), with the largest one measuring about 73 meters (243 foot). Explore the temple complex, stop before the shrines dedicated to various forms of Lord Vishnu such as Sakrathazhvar, Narasimha and Rama.
174. Rock Fort Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
Synonymous with Trichy, the Rock Fort Temple is nestled on a rocky outcrop with the Cauvery River at its foot. This 83-meter (277 foot) high rock stands out as an exception in the otherwise flat landscape of the city. The rock is one of the oldest in the world, dating over 3 billion years – almost as old as the rocks of Greenland and older than the Himalayas. Tourists scale up this great rock to not just browse the ramshackle fort, but also to look up the temple perched on the summit.
175. Shiv Khori, Katra.
Located 75 kilometers (46.6 miles) from Katra on a hillock in Ransoo village, Shiv Khori is a kilometer long cave, home to the 4-feet high Shiva Lingam. Worshipped as the center of Lord Shiva’s power, the naturally created lingam is set amidst a trickle of limewater that flows down from the ceiling of the cave and past the lingam. Shaped like the Lord’s own damaroo, the cave is wide at the ends and narrow in the center. Local legend says it actually connects to the larger Shivaling at Amarnath, but that cannot be confirmed as modern pilgrims are allowed no more than 135 meters (442.9 feet) inside the cave.
176. Shiva Temple, Bangalore.
The biggest attraction at the temple is, of course, the 65-foot statue of Lord Shiva, said to be the tallest in India. Built in 1995 by the Melwanis, the temple on Airport Road depicts Lord Shiva seated in a Lotus position against Mount Kailash. There’s a small pond around the statue and people believe that if you drop a coin in the pond while chanting 'Om Nama Shivaya' seven times with a lighted candle, your wish will be fulfilled.
177. Siddhivinayak Temple, Mumbai.
This is Mumbai's most popular religious place by a distance. Although Mahalaxmi and Babulnath temples also draw lot of devotees, the kind of reverence Mumbaikars hold Siddhivinayak in, elevates it to the pinnacle. Dedicated to Maharashtra’s favorite deity, Lord Ganesh, the Shree Siddhivinayak Ganapati Mandir is located in Prabhadevi area of central Mumbai. Built in the early 1800s, the temple has a small mandap (hall) with the shrine for Siddhi Vinayak ('Ganesh who grants one's wish'). The wooden doors to the sanctum are carved with images of Ashtavinayak (the eight manifestations of Ganesh, particularly popular in Maharashtra). Shree Siddhivinayak is considered to be one of the Ashta Vinayak shrines of Maharashtra, celebrating eight legends related to Lord Ganesha. The inner roof of the sanctum is plated with gold, with the idol of Ganesh dominating the inner chamber. The idol of Ganesh is also called ‘Chaturbhuj’ as it has four arms. The upper right hand with a lotus symbolizes auspicious piety. The upper left holds a small axe, while a Japmala (rosary of rudrakash beads) is held in the lower right. And the lower left holds a bowl full of Modaks (favorite delicacy of the Lord), one that makes him popular with kids in particular.
178. Sidh Baba ka Mandir, Chail.
When the Maharaja of Patiala was expelled from Shimla, the ‘summer capital’ of British India, he began scouring the hills for a capital of his own. When he selected Chail as his own ‘summer capital’, the site he picked for his palace was the one where the Sidh Baba ka Mandir (the ‘True Sage’s Temple’), now stands. But an ill omen seemed to hang over the construction area. According to local legend, the moment anything was built, it would collapse overnight. A sidh, sage appeared before the Maharaja in a dream and declared that the site the Maharaja had chosen was where he had meditated till he was taken by the earth - and that his peace should not be disturbed. The Maharaja moved the position of his palace to another site and at the original place, he had a temple to the sidh built.
179. Sri Jambukeshwara Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
Thiruvanaikaval or Sri Jambukeshwara temple is a popular Lord Shiva shrine, about 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) east of Srirangam island – adjacent to the Ranganathaswamy temple - in Trichy. This beautiful temple complex is composed of five concentric walls and seven architectural gopurams (spires). Built almost 1800 years ago by an early Chola king, the temple is among the five major Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu symbolizing the five elements (Panchabhoota Sthalam). This one, however, represents the element water. Chidambaram (ether), Kalahasti (wind), Tiruvannamalai (fire) and Kanchipuram (earth), are the other ‘Panchabhoota Sthalam’.
180. St. John's Church, Tiruchirappalli.
One of the few churches in the country with louvered doors, St. John’s Church belongs to the early 19th century. It is located near Theppakkulam in the heart of Trichy. Once you step into the church precinct, the din of the city drops absolutely, and you are in an atmosphere of serenity. The interiors of this quaint white structure are made spacious and airy by the louvered doors. Take a look at the ornamental plaques to the departed, most of who have fallen victim to malaria, cholera or enemy bullets.
181. St. Joseph's Church, Tiruchirappalli.
St. Joseph’s Church, also called the Church of Our Lady of Lourd, is a beautiful gothic structure with massive spires on Salai Road in Trichy. A part the St. Joseph’s College campus, the church is located opposite the historical gate of Ponmalai workshop. Built by Revered Joseph Alphonse de Rozario over a century ago with grand 200-foot-tall (60 meter) spires, it is truly an architectural marvel. Look out for the stained-glass panels; stories from the Bible are finely embossed on them. On 30 March 1930, the church was dedicated to its founder and lead architect, Reverend Joseph Alphonse
182. St. Mark's Cathedral, Bangalore.
St. Mark’s Cathedral is the oldest Anglican Church (Church of England) in Bangalore. It is a beautiful colonial structure amid lush greenery in the very heart of the city on the busy St. Mark’s Road. The cathedral was built in 1808 along the lines of London’s St Paul’s Cathedral. It was consecrated by the Bishop of Calcutta in 1816. Look up the dome of St. Mark’s Cathedral; it is graceful and placed over a semicircular chancel. The walls with Roman arches are also worth a note. It has one of the best-maintained external bells.
183. St. Mary's Basilica Bangalore, Bangalore.
Standing tall in the crowded Shivajinagar area in the heart of Bangalore, St. Mary’s Basilica is the city’s oldest church and the only one in Karnataka to be granted the status of a minor basilica. Now a spacious gothic church built in the form of a cross, St Mary’s started out as a thatched hut in the 17th century and was called the Chapel of Kanikkai Madha (Church of Our Lady of Presentation). It catered largely to the Christians who had come over from Ginjee, Tamil Nadu.
184. St. Thomas Cathedral, Mumbai.
This is one of the oldest churches in Mumbai. Churchgate station draws its name from St. Thomas Cathedral. Back in the 17th century Gerald Angier, the Governor of Mumbai, wanted a Church for the English community. The Anglican Church foundation stone was thus laid in 1676. However, soon after construction activity was suspended for almost 40 years due to several setbacks such as shortage of finance, revolt against the Company in 1683, the siege of Mumbai by Sidi Yakub in 1689 and a plague epidemic from 1686-96.
185. St. Xavier Church, Kanyakumari.
About 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) from Kanyakumari in Kottar, the stark white spires of St. Xavier Church stand sentinel over this little coastal town. It was built around 1600 by St. Francis Xavier during one of his trips to Kanyakumari district from Goa. During his stay in Kottar, Saint Xavier used to worship Mother Mary in a small temple. He even averted the invasion of the Padagas on the people of Venad which was appreciated greatly by the ruling king. And as a token of appreciation, the king allotted him a piece of land in Kottar to get a Catholic church constructed.
186. Suchindram Temple, Kanyakumari.
Suchindram is one of the few places where the trinity Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva are worshipped together. It is the beautiful white gopuram (tower) of the temple that catches your eye first-up. About 13 kilometers (8.12 miles) northwest of Kanyakumari, Suchindram is an elegant structure with musical pillars and 22 feet, single-stone statue of Lord Hanuman in addition to a diverse collection of art from different periods. A bit more about the structure and its music-creating pillars; it is 134 foot (40 meters) high with a façade covered with sculptures of deities from the Hindu mythology.
187. Synagogues of Mumbai , Mumbai.
The Jews of Mumbai represent one of the most distinctive strands of the city’s diverse communities. Comprising primarily two sub group namely the Bene Israel and the Baghdadi Jews, the community has contributed substantially with David Sassoon being one of the legends from the community. 1796 saw the first synagogue in town in form of Gate of Mercy Synagogue, also called as Shaar Harahamim and Juni Masjid. There’s an interesting story behind its construction. Samuel Divekar, the moving force behind the synagogue, served in the British East Indian army. During an Anglo-Mysore battle, he was captured by Tipu Sultan. Just before putting him to sword, Tipu Sultan is supposed to have asked Divekar about his caste affiliation. On hearing that he was a Bene Israel, Tipu’s mother (according to another version it was Tipu’s wife) requested that he be left alive as she had heard of the 'caste' in the Koran. A devout Muslim, Tipu spared Divekar life. While being taken prisoner, Divekar had resolved to build a synagogue as thanksgiving to his God if he survived. The synagogue was built in 1796 by Samuel Divekar near Esplanade in South Mumbai. It was later rebuilt and moved to its present location at Mandvi in 1860. It was at the heart of a small but thriving Jewish community that inhabited the area back then. The synagogue is also prominently featured in the city’s heritage circuit. It is attended mostly by the city’s Bene Israel community.
188. Temple of Khajji Nag, Khajjiar.
The temple of Khajji Nag lies along a mild rise within the glade of Khajjiar. The temple has a covered ‘verandah’ and a sanctum, ‘garba-griha’. Local belief has it that the temple was first built in the twelfth century, though many believe this to be older. This is dedicated to Khajji Nag - the Serpent of Khajjiar. The legend of the place goes back into the mists of antiquity to declare that a great sage once lived at this beautiful spot. One day, a powerful serpent, arriving there, liked the place and wished to make it his own. The sage tried to prevent this and a fierce struggle ensued. In the end the sage lost and had to give up the spot to the serpent. While conceding defeat, the sage declared, "Now you eat and you live" - "Kha aur ji". And that is how Khajjiar is said to have got its name. The serpent is worshipped in human form and there is a beautifully carved stone image of the 'Nag devta' - holding a mace in one hand and a khanda in the other - within the temple.
189. The Christ Church, Mussoorie.
Christ Church is arguably the oldest church in the Himalayan range. It is located near Kasmanda Palace, a heritage hotel in Library. The church was built in 1836 for the British community that resided here. The most famous visitor to the Church was the Princess of Wales, who later went on to become Queen Mary of England. She came to Mussoorie in 1906, and on her visit to the Church she planted a deodar tree in the courtyard. The deodar still stands tall , and is shown to tourists by the Reverend. Look up the stained-glass windows and the depictions of events in the life of Christ on them.
190. The Church of Our Lady of Ransom, Kanyakumari.
From the shore where the fishing boats are moored you can see the three towering spires of this off-white gothic structure with a distinct Portuguese feel. The Church of Our Lady of Ransom is a more than 100-year-old building dedicated to Mother Mary. But what catches your eye first-up is the 153-foot-high (46 meters) central tower crowned with a Cross of pure gold. Truly a beautiful structure; the church looks particularly gorgeous against the molten-blue noon sky. Astonishingly, the grand gothic façade is a striking contrast to its almost bare interiors.
191. The Five-faced Hanuman Temple, Rameshwaram.
This is an ancient temple; you can tell from the weathered-look of the structure, and an unmistakable old-world aura. Inside is a rare depiction of Lord Hanuman with five faces. Hindu mythology has it that Lord Hanuman revealed his five-faceted avatar at this site, and was soon after smeared with orange-colored vermilion. The revealed five-faces with five different bodies were of Lord Hanuman, Lord Narasimha, Lord Adivaraha, Lord Hayagriva and Lord Garuda. At this point, he, supposedly, rose above the five senses. The little temple also has an idol of the most loved deity of Rameshwaram, Lord Rama along with that of his wife, Goddess Sita, and brother Laxman.
192. Thirukandiyur, Thanjavur.
Thirukandiyur is a religious town known for its temples of Dravidian style, about 10 kilometer (6.25 miles) from main Thanjavur city. Hindu pilgrims particularly from South India make a beeline for this ancient temple town. Most temples here are of exquisite architectural beauty. Do visit the Harsha Vimochana or Kamalanathan and Brahma Sri Kandeswarar temples, they are steeped in legend and folklore, and have a palpable aura. It’s a wonderful opportunity to photograph the gopurams (spires) heavy with sculptures.
193. Thiruvaiyaru, Thanjavur.
A serene panchayat town on the banks of River Cauvery, Thiruvaiyaru in the Thanjavur district is known for its ancient Lord Shiva temple, and for being the birthplace of the legendary 18th century music composer, Saint Thyagaraja. Thiruvaiyaru is about 13 kilometer (8.12 miles) north-west of main Thanjavur city, and has over the years become quite a hub for art, culture and religion. Devotees make trips year round to worship at the sacred shrine of Panchanatheeswar, while music connoisseurs congregate every January for the eight-day festival of Carnatic music in honor of the great saint, Thyagaraja.
194. Tibetan Buddhist Temple and the Tibetan Homes Foundation, Mussoorie.
About 2-kilometer (1.24 mile) from Library bus terminal, Happy Valley or ‘mini-Tibet’ stretches out in the outskirts of Mussoorie, and is home to about 5000 Tibetan refugees. It was in Mussoorie where the Dalai Lama established the Tibetan government-in-exile after fleeing from the Chinese authorities in Tibet in 1959. Later the government-in-exile moved to Dharamshala in Himachal Pradesh but left behind a strong community of Tibetans who have today become an integral part of the life and culture of Mussoorie. The Buddhist Temple and Tibetans Homes Foundation only testify the Tibetan struggle, and their beautiful culture.
195. Vaishno Devi, Katra.
A remote, ancient shrine situated high up on the Trikuta hills, Vaishno Devi is revered by mythological heroes and modern Indians alike. Thousands of pilgrims brave the cold of the Himalayas and arduous trek from Katra to get a glimpse of the Mother Goddess, one who grants all wishes. One of the holiest pilgrimages in India, a visit to Vaishno Devi is memorable both for its sanctity and for the experience of being in the presence of the Divine Mother while surrounded by nature’s beauty.
196. Vekkaliamman Temple, Tiruchirappalli.
About 7 kilometers (4.37 miles) from Trichy in Woraiyur, Vekkaliamman Temple is an important pilgrimage centre, and an erstwhile seat of the Cholas. The temple is unique in that the shrine of the presiding deity has no roof. Legend has it that Goddess Vekkaliamman saved the people of Trichy from sand storm and torrential rain, and told her devotees to not build a roof over her shrine until every person living there had shelter. Daily pujas are performed here, while special pujas are done on Tuesdays and Fridays when devotees from across the city throng the shrine.
197. Ranakpur Temples Tour, Udaipur.
Indian temple architecture has always managed to fascinate visitors from all over the world. The temple complex in Ranakpur village in the Pali district of Rajasthan is one such place. Built on a sprawling area that’s well over 40,000 square feet, Ranakpur is the site for a group of Jain temples, the most famous of which is the Chaumukha Mandir (four-faced temple) dedicated to Adinatha, the first Jain Tirthankara. The other temples in the complex are Parasvanath Temple, Surya Narayan (Sun God) Temple and a temple dedicated to Lord Neminath. Parsvanath Temple, also known as ‘Patriyon Ka Mandir’ is famous for its windows, which are exquisitely adorned with elaborate engravings of various Jain figures. The Surya Narayan Temple too displays its own rendition of Ancient Indian artistry through a fabulous idol of lord Surya riding a chariot driven by seven horses.
198. Kanyakumari Day Excursion, Trivandrum.
The southernmost tip of the Indian mainland, Kanyakumari is truly unique destination. Sprawled out on the shore of this great ‘Triveni sangam’, the confluence of the Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean, Kanyakumari is known for its beautiful temples, chief among them is the Kumari Amman temple, a colorful beach bazaar and the Vivekananda Rock Memorial standing sentinel over the sea. Just as famous is the Padmanabhapuram Palace, an 16th century monument made entirely of wood. Less than 100 kilometers Trivandrum, Kanyakumari is just a few hours drive away, through smooth metalled roads that offer gorgeous views of the surrounding countryside.
199. Amarnath, Sonmarg.
The cave of Amarnath is held in considerable veneration by Hindus. The route from Sonamarg is from Baltal, fifteen kilometers from Sonamarg and Baltal also serves is the base camp for the ‘yatra’. The ‘yatra’ is held around the Hindu month of Shravan – and broadly coincides with July and August. This is the time when thousands of pilgrims wind their way up to this holy cave.
200. Amarnath Yatra, Pahalgam.
From Pahalgam, the distance to the cave of Amarnath where Lord Shiva is enshrined as an ice-lingam is forty-eight kilometers. The ‘yatra’ is held around the Hindu month of Shravan – and broadly coincides with July and August. This is the time when thousands of pilgrims wind their way up to this holy cave.
201. Hari Parbat Fort and Gurudwara, Srinagar.
One of the hills that around Srinagar is the Hari Parbat and like many other parts of the region this has its share of legend too. As the savior of the valley, Parvati is worshipped on Hari Parbat as Jagadamba Sharika Bhagwati, with cosmic energies and a temple dedicated to her is halfway up the western slope of the hill. She is also regarded as the patron goddess of Srinagar by its Hindu community. The hill is topped by the fort which has the remarkable Kathi Darwaza which is the main entrance to the fort and the Sangin Darwaza. The Gurduwara Chatti Patshahi is by the southern side of the fort and commemorates the visit of sixth Sikh Guru, Hargobind. The southern slopes of the Hari Parbat have the shrines of Khwaja Makhdoom Sahib and Akhund Mullah Shah.
202. Hazratbal mosque, Srinagar.
On the left bank of the Dal Lake and opposite the Nishat Bagh is the Hazaratbal shrine which is considered as the holiest of Islamic shrines in Kashmir. The word ‘Hazaratbal’ translates as the ‘place of majesty and holiness.’ It is here that a relic of the prophet Mohammed, a hair - Moi-e-Muqqadas – is enshrined. The Hazaratbal stands out in the area and its white dome and minarets can be seen from a considerable distance. The shrine is also referred to as the Assar-e-Sharief, the Madinat-us-Sani and very commonly as the Dargah Sharif.
203. Kheer Bhawani, Sonmarg.
The village of Ganderbal lies on the road between Srinagar and Sonamarg. Five kilometers from this village is the shrine of Kheer Bhawani in a little village called Tulmul. The shrine is held in considerable veneration and local people as well as visitors make it a point to pay their obeisance. The name ‘Kheer Bhawani’ comes from the original offering of rice-pudding.
204. Mamleshwara, Pahalgam.
Roughly about a kilometer and a half from Pahalgam is the age-old temple of Mamleshwara. This stands amidst a small park across the Kolahoi stream that finally flows down into the river Lidder. The temple lies along the mountainside and the slopes rise steadily behind it. This small temple of time-worn dressed stone has been given a protective parasol that matches with the original architecture but legend has it that the top was once adorned by a golden ‘kalash’. The temple is a protected monument and is believed to date back to the fourth century.
205. Mamleshwara, Pahalgam.
Roughly about a kilometer and a half from Pahalgam is the age-old temple of Mamleshwara. This stands amidst a small park across the Kolahoi stream that finally flows down into the river Lidder. The temple lies along the mountainside and the slopes rise steadily behind it. This small temple of time-worn dressed stone has been given a protective parasol that matches with the original architecture but legend has it that the top was once adorned by a golden ‘kalash’. The temple is a protected monument and is believed to date back to the fourth century.
206. Rainawari, Srinagar.
In his eventful life, the sixth Sikh Guru, Hargobind traveled to Kashmir. In Srinagar, on the southern side of the Hari Parbat fort, near the Kathi Darwaza which leads to the locality of Rainawari, is the Gurudwara Chatti Patshahi, which commemorates the Guru’s sojourn. The Gurudwara has been built at the site of the house that belonged to Mai Bhagbhari, who was his follower and where he stayed during his visit. The Gurudwara, which has been recently reconstructed and its gleaming white domes can be seen from a distance. This has a large rectangular hall and the sanctum is in the center. A large terrace lies before this. Close by, is a well said to have been dug at the behest of Guru Hargobind. This is considered to be the most sacred Sikh shrine in Kashmir. At the Gurudwara, ‘langar’ community food is offered to all.
207. Religious shrines, Gulmarg.
There are four main religious shrines in and around Gulmarg. A few kilometers from this glade, is the tomb and shrine, ‘Ziarat’, of the noted Muslim saint Baba Reshi. Built in 1480 CE, the ‘Ziarat’ is supposed to be on the spot where Baba Reshi passed away and where he is buried. More popularly known as the ‘Maharani temple’ or the ‘Rani temple’, the temple dedicated to Lord Shiva lies on a small hillock in the middle of Gulmarg. There is the old St. Mary’s Church that was built by the British holiday-makers; and in Gulmarg's vicinity is the Avantiswami temple that dates back to the ninth century and is dedicated to Lord Vishnu.
208. Roza Bal, Srinagar.
Perhaps Srinagar’s most enigmatic shrine is that of Roza Bal and this relatively unimposing structure is perhaps also the one that has been most widely publicized across the world. Numerous media articles, a few books like ‘Jesus Lived in India’ by Holger Kersten have been written around it and this has also been featured in a couple of television documentaries. The Roza Bal is located in a narrow side-street in the heart of the old city, in the Khanyar quarter. Of those that believe that Jesus survived the crucifixion, there are some who believe that he lived on and came to Kashmir where he finally died when he was at least a hundred years old. This is the place where Yuz Asaf (Youza Asouph), believed by some to have been Jesus of Nazareth, is said to be buried.
209. Shankracharya Temple, Srinagar.
Located atop the majestic looking and majestic sounding, Takht e Suleiman or the ‘Seat of Suleiman’ that rises dramatically for over a thousand feet from the surrounding valley, is the small but highly venerated shrine of Shankaracharya which is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple is also known as the Jyeteshwara Mandir. The present structure is believed to date back to the end of the First Millennium. It is also believed that Adi Sankara, the great Hindu philosopher and reformer visited this place and stayed at the spot when he traveled to Kashmir to spread the word of the ‘Sanatan Dharma’.
210. Bhimakali Temple Complex, Sarahan.
The complex walls of the temple encase approximately an acre of land and hold buildings and courtyards. The temple itself may well be considered as the most resplendent example of a style that is considered indigenous to the area. Here, along with a host of other deities are the two images of Bhimakali; one portrays her as an unmarried maiden and the second, as a mature woman.
211. Kalady, Kochi.
For the cultural traveler Kalady (also spelt as Kaladi) holds special significance. Located 35 kilometers (21.7 miles) from Kochi via Aluva, this small town is the birthplace of the famous Hindu philosopher, Sri Adi Sankaracharya. In 8th century CE Sri Adi Sankaracharya played a pivotal role in the revival of Hinduism across India. Buddhism then held sway over large parts of India. Traveling across India, he had many a debate with scholars of the time and spread his Vedanta philosophy called ‘Advaita’ (Non-dualism of the self and the divine self). He founded four mathas as seats of learning and faith in each of India’s four zones - Sringeri in Karnataka (south), Dwaraka in Gujarat (west), Puri in Orissa (east), and Joshimath in Uttarakhand (north). The heads of these four mathas are bestowed the title of Shankaracharya (‘the learned one’).
212. Kolayat, Bikaner.
Located on NH15 to Jaisalmer, Kolayat is a major Hindu pilgrimage spot where Kapil Muni, founder of Sankhya philosophy, meditated under a peepul tree. The Kolayatji temple, dedicated to the sage, is one of the holiest shrines in Rajasthan. Even though situated in an arid region, the Kolayat lake, surrounded by 52 ghats, never goes dry. In the month of Kartik (October - November), during the Kapil Muni Fair, devotees offer their respects and take a dip in the lake to absolve their sins. During this time, a livestock fair is also organized wherein buffaloes, camels, horses and cattle are traded.
213. Pushkar Lake, Pushkar.
A serene lake, glittering below the bright blue desert sky, Pushkar is one of the holiest pilgrimages in Hinduism. Said to be as old as the Vedic Purans, the lake is the center of this small holy town and draws thousands of visitors every year. The lake’s natural beauty is almost dramatic and enhanced by the 52 ghats and 400-odd temples, most painted a saintly white that surround it. The water of the lake is said to have healing powers and a dip in its holy waters is one of the five dhams of Hinduism.
214. Talakad, Mysore.
Talakad is situated 45 kms from Mysore. River Cauvery makes a sharp bend at Talakad creating a panoramic view of sandy landscape. A very scenic location combined with religious significance has Talakad a major draw. This pilgrimage centre houses the magnificent Lord Shiva temple – Vaidyeshwara. Built in beautiful Dravidian style using granite, it draws pilgrims from all over India. Talakad once had over 30 temples, many of which now lie buried in sand.
The Panchalinga darshan pilgrimage is held here every 12 years. Devotees visit the 5 temples of Talakad. The Curse of Talakad on the Wodeyar dynasty in the 16th century is a folktale that is believed to have submerged Talakad's history under sand dunes and left the Wodeyar dynasty without any rightful heir to the throne since 1600s. Despite all the excavation efforts, the temples continue to get submerged in the sand dunes. It’s beautiful to walk down the lush green pastures and suddenly discover sand dunes in the most unexpected location.
215. Bhaganmandala, Coorg.
Bhaganmandala is a popular pilgrimage spot situated on the upstream banks of the River Kaveri and is also known as Dakshin Kashi
216. Christ Church, Mahabaleshwar.
Christ Church is another famous church in Mahabaleshwar. Built during the British reign of the region, the church features elaborate stained glass windows that depict Jesus Christ, the four Evangelists, Moses and even St John the Baptist. The sight of these magnificent windows and the fine craftsmanship is a sight to behold.
217. Holy Cross Church, Mahabaleshwar.
Another monument whose origins can be traced back to the British rule is the Holy Cross Church. Built by Catholic residents of the region, it is a small church that is worth a visit for its serene location and historic structure. Though the church is now in a dilapidated condition, people still flock here to see the beautiful and intricate stained glass windows.
218. Kurinjiandavar Temple, Kodaikanal.
Kurinjiandavar Temple is a popular local shrine dedicated to Lord Murugan. Its name being an amalgamation of two Tamil words, ‘kurinji’ which means hilly region and ‘andavar’ which means God, the temple is quite literally named after Lord Murugan, the God of the Hills. The shrine is popular among the locals who visit in a steady stream. For the more casual visitor to the area, the temple is a good place to get excellent views of the surrounding Palani hills and Vaigai Dam. Another interesting feature here is the presence of the bright purple Kurinji flower, which cover the hillside and bloom only once in 12 years.
219. Mahabaleshwar Temple, Mahabaleshwar.
One of the most eminent Hindu temples is the Mahabali or the Mahabaleshwar Temple, after which this scenic hill station is named. Devoted to Lord Shiva Shankar, it is situated in Old Kshetra Mahabaleshwar around 6 km north of the main town. The temple is built as per the Hemadant architectural style of South India. It is enclosed by a 5-feet stone wall. The temple comprises two sections: the sanctum sanctorum and the central hall. The sanctum sanctorum consists of a swayambhu or self-originated lingam more than 500 years old and the shiv bhakts from all over flock here to worship and to be blessed.
220. Omkareshwara Temple, Coorg.
It is located in the heart of Madikeri town. The Omkareshwara Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva was built in 1820 by Lingarajendra Wodeyar II to ward off evil caused by Brahma Rakshasha. Legend has it that Lingarajendra killed an honest and pious Brahmin to fulfill his political ambitions. The Brahmin came back as 'Brahmarakshasa' to haunt the king. To ward off the evil spirit, a temple was constructed by Wodeyar. A huge tank in front of the temple is an attractive feature of the complex. The main temple structure is unique as it is a blend of Gothic and Islamic architectural styles. Just like a dargah, this temple has four minarets and a dome in the centre with a Shivling installed at the entrance, where the Shivling is reported to be brought from Kashi.
221. Panchganga Temple, Mahabaleshwar.
Dedicated to Lord Krishna, the Panchganga Temple lies adjacent to the Mahabali Temple, at the point of origin of five holy rivers namely Krishna, Savitri, Gayatri, Koyna and Venna; and is thus called Panchganga Temple: ‘panch’ means five and ‘ganga’ river. It is also known as Krishnabai Temple. The temple has a beautiful stone carved statue of Gaumukhi (head of the Holy Cow) and the five rivers flow out from the mouth of this statue. The temple is host to specatacular Krishna idol. This ancient temple was constructed by Raja Singhandeo, the ruler of Devagiri in the 13th century. A massive renovation of the temple was was undertaken by the greatest Maratha king, Shivaji in the 16th century.
222. Tala Kaveri, Coorg.
Talakaveri is the origin of the Kaveri River that flows in full strength during the monsoons. The river is looked up on by the Kodavas as their mother, and hence Talakaveri becomes a venerated site. Talakaveri is situated 12 kms away from Bhagamandala and 47 kms from Madikeri. It’s situated on the hills of Brahmagiri close to Bhagamandala and is considered to be one of the seven holy rivers from the Sapta Sindhus mentioned in the Hindu scriptures.