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Located on the Malwa Plateau in Madhya Pradesh, Ujjain or Avantika is one of the most sacred places in India. This ancient city nestles on the banks of the holy river Avanti. As per the great epic Mahabharta, Ujjain was originally known as Ujjaini and was the capital of Avanti Kingdom. It is one of the seven revered cities of Hindu where the grand Kumbh ka Mela is held once in twelve years. The origin of Ujjain is related to the mythological legend of (Samudra Manthan) churning of the ocean of milk by the gods and the demons to discover the pot of nectar. For churning, Mount Mandara was used as the pole and Vasuki, the serpent as the rope. As the ocean was churned, it yielded fourteen gems, then goddess Laxmi and finally the nectar. After the nectar was discovered, there was a chase between the gods and demons to have the nectar first and thus attain immortality. In this process, a few droplets of nectar were spilt and fell at Ujjain, thus making the city sacred. Ujjain has many temples dedicated to god Shiva. It is home to the Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga, which is one of the twelve-jyotirlinga shrines of god Shiva. Ruled by the great kings such as Vikramditya and Ashoka, Ujjain boasts of a long and varied history that can be seen in its magnificent historical monuments and ancient temples.
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Best Time to Visit -September to February
What to buy – Papier-mâché articles, lacquer ware, stone idols of gods, semi precious stone beads
Pilgrimage Attractions
Bade Ganesh ji ka Mandir
The temple enshrines a beautiful life-sized sculptor of Lord Ganesha. The middle of the temple is adorned with an idol of the pancha-mukhi (five faced) Hanuman.
Mahakaleshwar
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the majestic temple of Mahakaleshwar has soaring shikaras and ornate walls. The temple houses one of the 12 jyotirlingas of lord Shiva. The temple has an idol of Omkareshwara Shiva installed in the sanctum above the Mahakal Shrine. The images of Ganesh, Parvati, Kartikeya and Shiva's Bull, Nandi are also there in the temple.
Chintaman Ganesh
Built across the holy river kshipra, Chintaman Ganesh is a famous pilgrimage center of Ujjain. The idol of Lord Ganesh enshrined here is believed to be self-formed.
Harsiddhi Temple
Built during Maratha period, the temple enshrines the famous image of goddess Annapurna seated between the idols of Mahalaxmi and Mahasaraswati.
Kaliadeh Palace
Kaliadeh Palace stands on a tiny island in the Kshipra River. This water palace was constructed by Mandu Sultans in 1458. The scenic landscape and the placid water of the river on both sides of the palace afford a spectacular sight of this impressive structure. The central dome of the palace is a beautiful example of Persian architecture. Two Persian inscriptions found in one of the long corridors of the palace commemorate the visits of Emperor Akbar and Jehangir to this Kaliadeh Palace. With the downfall of Mandu, the palace gradually fell into ruin but was restored along with the nearby sun temple by Madhav Rao Scindia in 1920.
Ved Shala (Observatory)
Built by Maharaja Jai Singh between 1725 till1730, this observatory was one of the masterpieces of its time. The observatory comprises a large number of jantras, which were used in the medieval times to track the movement of the sun.
Gopal Mandir
The magnificent marble-spired Gopal Mandir was built by the Queen of Maharaja Daulat Rao Scindia in 19th century. It is a great example of Maratha architecture. A sanctum inlaid with marble and silver plated doors constitute the main attraction of this temple.
Gopal Mandir
The magnificent marble-spired Gopal Mandir was built by the Queen of Maharaja Daulat Rao Scindia in 19th century. It is a great example of Maratha architecture. A sanctum inlaid with marble and silver plated doors constitute the main attraction of this temple.
Bhartrihari Caves
These caves are situated just above the banks of river Kshipra near the temple of Gadkalika. It is believed that the great scholar poet, Bhartihari (stepbrother of Vikramaditya) meditated and lived here after renouncing worldly life.
Kal Bhairava Mandir
Kal Bhairava Mandir is dedicated to Kal Bhairava, the head of the Lord Shiva’s army. He is believed to be worshipped in the tantric sect of Aghora and Kapalika, which flourished in Ujjain. The temple is famous for its intricate paintings in the Malwa style.
Vikram Kirti Mandir
Built in the memory of Raja Vikramaditya of Ujjain, Vikram Kirti temple houses the Scindia Oriental Research Institute, an archaeological museum and an art gallery.
Other Attractions - Navgraha Temple, Pir Mastyendranath, Durgadas Ki Chhatri, Siddavat, Gadkalika, Panchkroshi Yatra, Vikram University, Kalidasa Academy, Mangalnath, Ram Janardhan temple, Mallikarjuna Teertha, Begum Ka Maqbara , Digambara Jain Museum
Excursions - Dewas ( 36km), Agar ( 66km), Nagda ( 60km), Sailana (21km), Maksi ( 39km), Mandasaur ( 84km from Ratlam), Gandhi Sagar ( 91km from Neemuch)
How to Get There
By Air: The nearest airport is at Indore (55km) which is connected by flights with Delhi, Bhopal and Mumbai.
By Rail: Ujjain is on the Bhopal-Nagda sector of Western Railway. It is connected with Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Kolkata, Chennai & Cochin.
By Road:Regular bus services connect Ujjain with Indore, Bhopal, Ratlam, Gwalior, Mandu, Dhar and Omkareshwar.
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